Grafting as a tool in common bean breeding

Abstract

. 2010. Grafting as a tool in common bean breeding. Can. J. Plant Sci. 90: 299Á 304. Compatibility of rootstock for grafting was investigated in four species of Phaseolus to study the use of grafting as a tool in bean breeding programs. Four genotypes of Phaseolus vulgaris and one genotype of P. coccineus were used as rootstocks. Two genotypes of P. vulgaris, and one each of P. acutifolius and P. angustissimus, and an interspecific hybrid of P. acutifolius )P. angustissiumus were used as scions. The common bean genotype ICA Pijao, a widely used female parent in bean interspecific hybridization, was the most compatible rootstock among the five genotypes tested, with high mean percent survival for scions across all four Phaseolus species. Grafting was an efficient technique compared with rooted cuttings for seed increase in determinate type bean plants, where obtaining the maximum number of clones before the reproductive phase is critical. Grafting resulted in 91 and 66% higher mean seed yield per plant compared with ungrafted control and rooted cutting treatments, respectively. This grafting technique using compatible rootstocks such as P. vulgaris ICA Pijao has potential to improve early generation seed increase ratio, multiplication of clones for screening, and perpetuation of sterile or recalcitrant interspecific hybrids for various breeding strategies. La greffe est une technique efficace comparativement a`l'usage de boutures racine´es pour la multiplication des semences de varie´te´s de haricot non remontantes, pour lesquelles il est capital d'obtenir un maximum de clones avant la reproduction. La greffe accroıˆt respectivement la production moyenne de semences de 91% et de 66% comparativement aux te´moins non greffe´s et aux boutures racine´es. La pre´sente technique, qui recourt a`des porte-greffes compatibles comme P. vulgaris ICA Pijao, pourrait rehausser le taux de multiplication des semences des premie`res ge´ne´rations, multiplier le nombre de clones en vue d'une pre´se´lection et perpe´tuer les hybrides interspe´cifiques ste´riles ou re´calcitrants dans le cadre de divers programmes d'ame´lioration ge´ne´tique.

In vivo grafting of wild Lens species to Vicia faba rootstocks

“…In legumes, grafting has been used extensively to study the effects of shoots and roots on nodulation control and plant growth within species such as soybean ( Glycine max) (Sheng and Harper, 1997), Lotus japonicus (Nishimura et al , 2002) and Medicago truncatula (Penmetsa et al , 2003). Gurusamy et al (2010) reported that grafting intra- and inter-specific scions onto compatible Phaseolus vulgaris rootstock had the potential to improve early generation seed increase ratio, multiplication of clones for screening and perpetuation of sterile or recalcitrant inter-specific hybrids for various common bean breeding strategies.…”

“…In vivo grafting was shown to be an efficient technique in the production of inter-specific hybrids in common bean (Gurusamy et al, 2010). Subsequently, Gurusamy et al (2011) showed that it was possible to successfully produce inter-generic in vivo grafts of scions of L. culinaris onto faba bean (Vicia faba L.) rootstocks.…”

“…Compared with in vitro grafting techniques, in vivo grafting does not require aseptic conditions and has been adapted for a variety of applications such as commercial production of vegetables (Lee, 1994), physiological studies of root effects on shoot characters (Ramsay and Griffiths, 1996) and gene function studies (Novák, 2010). In vivo grafting was shown to be an efficient technique in the production of inter-specific hybrids in common bean (Gurusamy et al , 2010). Subsequently, Gurusamy et al (2011) showed that it was possible to successfully produce inter-generic in vivo grafts of scions of L. culinaris onto faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) rootstocks.…”

Grafting pea, faba bean, and lentil to improve pulse crop breeding

“…Ten grafts and 10 rooted cuttings were made for each replication. The grafting and rooting procedures were the same as those reported by Gurusamy et al (2010) for common bean. For the lentil-faba bean experiment, rootstock preparation was the same as for other experiments.…”

“…This is especially critical in cases where hybrids are difficult to produce, for example, in cases where barriers to pollination limit crossing success. Gurusamy et al (2010) showed that for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grafted scions produced significantly more seed in comparison to ungrafted controls and rooted cuttings. From the perspective of a plant breeding program, this provides a tool to increase the number of F 1 meristems and the size of F 2 populations for rare or difficult crosses.…”