Grafting of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Sialic Acid onto Chitosan to Produce a New Amphipathic Chitosan Derivative: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Chitosan is the only cationic polysaccharide found in nature. It has broad application prospects in biomaterials, but its application is limited due to its poor solubility in water. A novel chitosan derivative was synthesized by amidation of chitosan with 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid. The chitosan derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and measurement of the zeta potential. We also investigated the solubility, cytotoxicity, and blood compatibility of chitosan derivatives. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid could be grafted onto chitosan molecular chains. The thermal stability of the synthesized chitosan derivatives was decreased and the surface was positively charged in water and phosphate-buffered saline. After chitosan had been modified by 18 β-glycyrrhetinic acid and sialic acid, the solubility of chitosan was improved greatly in water and phosphate-buffered saline, and percent hemolysis was <5%. Novel amphiphilic chitosan derivatives could be suitable polymers for biomedical purposes.

Development of a Colorimetric Tool for SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Viruses Detection Using Sialic Acid Fabricated Gold Nanoparticles

“…There were also multiple small peaks presented at the fingerprint region (1500 to 500 cm −1 ) indicated for substitutions in the oxane ring. This FTIR spectrum is consistent with [26,27]. The FTIR peaks for HAuCl 4 that was diluted in deionized water showed a robust and broad peak between 3000 and 3700 cm −1 due to the H-bond stretching of the O-H group of the water, which also appeared in the SA-Au NPs (Figure 3).…”

Inactivation of EGFR/ERK/NF‐κB signalling associates with radiosensitizing effect of 18β‐glycyrrhetinic acid on progression of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…For instance, curcumin, a flavonoid isolated from Curcuma longa , has been indicated to boost radiation‐inhibited growth of HCC through NF‐κB inactivation as well as attenuating radiation‐induced pneumonitis by downregulation of dual oxidase 1 and 2 expression 18,19 . 18β‐Glycyrrhetinic acid (18β‐GA), an active compound obtained from medical herb licorice, possesses antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory and antimicrobial capacities 20 . 18β‐GA was also found to suppress growth and invasion of HCC by inducing apoptosis and targeting STAT3 21,22 .…”

Highly Enhanced Triboelectric Performance from Increased Dielectric Constant Induced by Ionic and Interfacial Polarization for Chitosan Based Multi‐Modal Sensing System

“…Chitosan itself does not have a good water solubility. [ 63 ] However, after blending with PVA, its water‐solubility and viscosity are greatly improved (Figure S11, Supporting Information). Therefore, PVA was selected as an additive for humidity sensor.…”

“…Thus, it cannot be reused due to the formation of the crack (Figure S12, Supporting Information). Because pure chitosan cannot be completely dissolved in water, it cannot absorb water well at a high humidity, [ 63 ] resulting in poor sensitivity and unstable data. After the combination of chitosan and PVA, the hydrogen bond formed between chitosan and PVA not only makes up for the problem that PVA film cannot recover in time after absorbing water and thus generates cracks, but also makes up for the poor water solubility of chitosan itself, thus improving the sensitivity of the sensor (schematic of humidity sensor structure is shown in Figure S13, Supporting Information).…”