Grafting of zwitterion from polysulfone membrane via surface-initiated ATRP with enhanced antifouling property and biocompatibility

Zwitterionic copolymer self-assembly for fouling resistant, high flux membranes with size-based small molecule selectivity

“…They have been shown to be highly resistant to biomolecular fouling due to their high degree of hydration [32][33][34][35][36][37]. Since this discovery, many researchers have improved the fouling resistance of membranes by attaching zwitterionic groups on their surface, by post-processing existing membranes [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] or by using zwitterionic surface-segregating additives [45][46][47]. Two studies incorporated zwitterionic groups in charged hydrogel layers to boost fouling resistance [48,49].…”

Facile chemical modification of polysulfone membrane with improved hydrophilicity and blood compatibility

“…In the previous studies [7,9,[15][16][17], hydrophilic polymers such as poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(p-styrene sulfonate) (PNaSS), poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA), and poly(acrylonitrileacrylic acid-N-vinyl pyrrolidinone) (PAN-AA-VP) were synthesized to modify PSf and polyethersulfone (PES) membranes by surfaceinitiated ATRP, click chemistry and blending method, respectively. The hydrophilicity was obviously increased with the WCAs ranging from 651 to 151.…”

“…In recent years, various methods have been used to improve the hydrophilicity and anticoagulant property of PSf membrane, such as blending method [3,5,6] and grafting method [4,[7][8][9]. In these methods, synthesized polymers or biomacromolecules were introduced in/onto membranes via physical blending method or covalent grafting method.…”

“…In these methods, synthesized polymers or biomacromolecules were introduced in/onto membranes via physical blending method or covalent grafting method. Though these methods could effectively improve the biocompatibility of PSf membrane, the permeability property of the membrane might be weakened [2,7]. Simultaneously, conventional chemical modification on PSf was limited because the PSf chains were chemical stable or chain scission was unavoidable.…”

NOM fouling behavior during ultrafiltration: Effect of membrane hydrophilicity

“…It is generally accepted that improving the intrinsic hydrophobic character of membranes is the most common method to avoid the non-specific adsorption between membrane and solute. Several hydrophilic materials were used to enhance antifouling ability of the conventional hydrophobic membranes, including PEO-like polymers [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], zwitterionic polymer [23][24][25], phospholipid polymer [26,27], heparin [28,29], zirconium oxide [30], titanium oxide [31], zeolite [32], silica [33], carbon nanotubes [34], graphene oxide [35], and their mixture [36]. Among these materials, PEO-like polymers have attracted much attention due to their superior antifouling ability [37].…”