Grafts of Porcine Intestinal Submucosa for Repair of Cervical and Abdominal Esophageal Defects in the Rat

Abstract

Porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is a cell-free collagen matrix that has demonstrated its ability as scaffold material for constructive remodeling of damaged or missing tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphology and function of esophagoplasty in rat using a porcine SIS scaffold for the repair of a semi-circumferential defect in the cervical or in the abdominal esophagus. Sixty-seven rats underwent surgical excision of the anterior wall either of the cervical or of the abdominal esophagus and subsequent repair of the defect with an SIS patch graft. Outcomes of weight gain, signs of dysphagia, hematological and serum chemistry parameters, and barium swallow studies were used to assess the progress of healing and function over a 150-day time period. The grafts were studied for gross changes and histology at predetermined time points. Ninety-four percent of the SIS-treated rats survived, showing no significant differences in survival rate between groups. The grafted animals did well, without signs of dysphagia, and gaining weight. Barium swallow studies showed no evidence of fistula, significant stenosis, or diverticula. No hematological or serum biochemistry abnormalities were found. By 150 days, the SIS graft was replaced with esophageal-derived tissues. Specimens were completely lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and showed complete regeneration of muscle fibers and scarce immunoreactivity for nerve. In the rat model, a patch graft technique using porcine SIS appears to induce esophageal regrowth either in cervical and abdominal esophagus. The repair mechanism occurred through a regenerative healing process.

Analgesic Effect of Bupivacaine Eluting Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa (SIS) in Ferrets Undergoing Acute Abdominal Hernia Defect Surgery

“…This material supports rapid host tissue ingrowth and fosters cellular differentiation, resulting in remodeled tissue that closely resembles the original host tissue [1,[10][11][12]. Similar results have been found for other SIS applications including vascular grafts [13,14], dural replacement, urinary bladder augmentation and urethral reconstruction [15], dermal wounds [16,17], soft tissue augmentation [18], and other uses [19][20][21][22][23][24]. This differentiation may, in part, be related to growth factors found in the SIS [2,25].…”

Anastomotic Sealing by Extracellular Matrices (ECM) Improves Healing of Colonic Anastomoses in the Critical Early Phase

“…Especially small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been experimentally evaluated for intestinal tissue engineering by our group and others. [5][6][7][8] SIS is a biodegradable, commercially available, acellular, immunologically inert collagen matrix, which is extracted from the submucosal layer of porcine small bowel. Different regulatory proteins which play important roles in the promotion of wound healing have been expressed on SIS.…”

Reconstruction of Abdominal Wall Musculofascial Defects with Small Intestinal Submucosa Scaffolds Seeded with Tenocytes in Rats

“…Since it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for soft tissue repair in 1999, SIS has been widely used in a variety of tissues and organs, with successful results in tissue regeneration and functional recovery. 23,25,38 As an acellular extracellular matrix, the SIS can not only provide a three-dimensional structure for cell adhesion, growth, and migration, but it also These may signal to the host tissue to promote angiogenesis, cell migration, and differentiation. In this study, the results demonstrated the formation of neo-tissue at the junctions between muscle tissue and the scaffold.…”