Grain Production of the Winter Barley Under Growingin the Condititions of the Climatic Changes

Abstract

In conditions of deficient and unstable moistening studying of growing and development winter barley plants in period of autumn vegetation and at the time of formation stability of winter plants under adverse weather conditions of winter has obtained important meaning as it had influence on yield. Aim of the researches was studying influence agro-technical ways of growing on winter barley production in conditions of northern Steepe of Ukraine. According to the results of three-year field researches (2016-2019 years) it was cleared up influence of sowing date, norms of seed sowing on plant production of barley after a precursor -sunflower. It is established on average during the years of researches, morphological-biological indexes of winter barley plants differed substantially depending on hydro-technical conditions in autumn period of vegetation. Barley plants with early date of sowing (September, 20) formed more vegetative mass since 17,8 till 18,7g depending on norms of seed sowing, number of sprouts 3,2 -3,7 pieces and a nodal roots 2,4 -3,1 pieces. Displacement sowing date for each 10 days from early to later ones led to lessening all indexes. In dependence on state of a plant during cessation of autumn vegetation and weather conditions in winter period (2016-2019 years), survival rate of plants varied within 93 -98%. Sowing on September, 30 and October, 10 provided the highest level of survival rate and was -96 -98%. In phase of whole ripeness of seeds after sowing on September, 30 winter barley plants formed bigger production while after early (September, 20) and late (October, 20) date of sowing average yield by years depending on seed sowing reduced to 1,5 and 2,3 t/ha accordingly.