Здійснено економічну оцінку результатів експери-ментальних досліджень з визначення продуктивностіта особливостей вирощування сучасних сортів пше-ниці м’якої озимої вітчизняної та зарубіжної селек-ції. Дослідження проводилися на базі СинельниківськоїСДС Інституту сільського господарства степовоїзони НААН. Визначено сорти, що характеризуютьсявисокою продуктивністю та стійкістю до несприят-ливої дії біотичних та абіотичних чинників середо-вища. Сформульовано рекомендації щодо підвищенняекономічної ефективності виробництва зерна пше-ниці озимої на основі добору конкурентоспроможнихсортів з високим врожайним та адаптивним потен-ціалом. The economic estimation of experimental research results to define the productivity and cultivation peculiarities of modern varieties of soft winter wheat of domestic and foreign selection is carried out. The investigations were conducted on the basis of Sinelnikovo SES of Institute of Agriculture of the Steppe Zone of NAAS. The varieties characterized by high productivity and resistance to the unfavorable impact of biotic and abiotic environmental factors are defined. The recommendations to increase the economic efficiency of winter wheat grain production based on the competitive varieties with high yield and adaptive potential are formulated.

In conditions of deficient and unstable moistening studying of growing and development winter barley plants in period of autumn vegetation and at the time of formation stability of winter plants under adverse weather conditions of winter has obtained important meaning as it had influence on yield. Aim of the researches was studying influence agro-technical ways of growing on winter barley production in conditions of northern Steepe of Ukraine. According to the results of three-year field researches (2016-2019 years) it was cleared up influence of sowing date, norms of seed sowing on plant production of barley after a precursor -sunflower. It is established on average during the years of researches, morphological-biological indexes of winter barley plants differed substantially depending on hydro-technical conditions in autumn period of vegetation. Barley plants with early date of sowing (September, 20) formed more vegetative mass since 17,8 till 18,7g depending on norms of seed sowing, number of sprouts 3,2 -3,7 pieces and a nodal roots 2,4 -3,1 pieces. Displacement sowing date for each 10 days from early to later ones led to lessening all indexes. In dependence on state of a plant during cessation of autumn vegetation and weather conditions in winter period (2016-2019 years), survival rate of plants varied within 93 -98%. Sowing on September, 30 and October, 10 provided the highest level of survival rate and was -96 -98%. In phase of whole ripeness of seeds after sowing on September, 30 winter barley plants formed bigger production while after early (September, 20) and late (October, 20) date of sowing average yield by years depending on seed sowing reduced to 1,5 and 2,3 t/ha accordingly.

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