Granuloma Annulare and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Toro, Jorge R.; Chu, Paul; Yen, Tien-Sze Ben; LeBoit, Philip E.

doi:10.1001/archderm.135.11.1341

Cited by 79 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the pathogenesis of GGA has not been fully elucidated, the presence of activated T-cells in the lymphocytic infiltrate of GA has been demonstrated, suggesting there is a cell-mediated immune response to various precipitating factors 7 . It has been reported that GA occurred following an insect bite 8 , sun exposure 9 , BCG vaccination 7,10 and viral infection 11,12 . In our study, URI was the most common precipitating factor (1 case of the annular type and 2 of the nonannular type).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathological Features of Generalized Granuloma Annulare with Their Correlation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Generalized granuloma annulare (GGA) is a benign skin disorder of an unknown etiology. Though some cases of GGA have been reported, few systemic reviews of the clinical and pathological features of GGA have been performed. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze and correlate the clinical and pathological characteristics of GGA in Korean patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study that included 54 biopsy specimens of Korean GGA patients, and the clinical and pathological features of GGA were reviewed and analyzed for their correlation. Results: The cutaneous lesions could be divided into the annular (24, 44%) and nonannular types (30, 56%), and the lesions were more common in males than in females (29 males and 25 females). The incidence of GGA showed a bimodal age distribution. The number of patients who presented within the first decade was 24 cases (44%), and 24 cases (44%) were over the fifth decade. Eight patients (15%) had systemic diseases. Especially, diabetes mellitus (DM) occurred only in the adult GGA patients over forty years old. The pathological findings showed dermal granulomatous lesions that consisted of either a palisading pattern (28, 52%) or an interstitial pattern (26, 48%). Conclusion: In contrast to the previously reported studies, the age of GGA onset showed a bimodal distribution, and GGA was observed more often in males. The prevalence of DM in the GGA affected individuals was higher than that found in the general Korean population. Therefore, it is recommended to perform a work-up for DM in the GGA affected patients who are over forty years old. (Ann Dermatol 21(2) 113∼119, 2009)

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathological Features of Generalized Granuloma Annulare with Their Correlation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study in Korea

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…29,63,65 There have been multiple reports of GA occurring in a setting of HIV infection. 37,[66][67][68][69][70] Presenting morphologies are variable, but often the presentation is atypical. These presentations include photosensitive, 17,71 molluscum contagiousum-like, 72 disseminated papular, 68 generalized, 70 oral mucosal, 37 and perforating.…”

Section: Systemic Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granuloma Annulare

Keimig

2015

Dermatologic Clinics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a noninfectious granulomatous skin condition that can present with a variety of cutaneous morphologies. It is characterized by collagen degeneration, mucin deposition, and palisaded or interstitial histiocytes. Although the mechanism underlying development of GA is unknown, studies point to a cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to an as-yet undetermined antigen. Systemic associations with diabetes, thyroid disorders, lipid abnormalities, malignancy, and infection are described in atypical GA. Treatment is divided into localized skin-directed therapies and systemic immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive therapies. The selected treatment modality should be based on disease severity, comorbid conditions, consideration of potential side effects, and patient preference.

show abstract

“…Il touche surtout l'adulte avec une association significative au HLA Bw35 ou A29 [1]. Il représente la forme la plus fréquemment rencontrée chez les patients infectés par le virus de l'immunodéficience acquise [2]. Des granulomes annulaires généralisés ont été décrits à plusieurs reprises chez des patients présentant des déficits immunitaires d'autres origines [3] et lors d'affections malignes [4,5].…”

Section: Commentairesunclassified