Granulomatous mastitis

Abstract

Therapy of GM consists of complete surgical excision combined with oral steroid therapy, eventually in combination with anti-inflammatory drugs or colchicine. Use of methotrexate has also been successful. In case of formation of abscesses antibiotic therapy should be applied before steroid therapy. Immune-suppressive therapy should be performed until complete remission as rates of recurrence can be up to 50%.

Breast Tuberculosis

“…Wegener's granulomatosis can be excluded in the absence of a necrotising vasculitis. The granulomas in tuberculosis granulomas are seen to be centered around ducts rather than lobules, but in the larger more destructive granulomas, it was difficult to work out any spatial relationship with any structures [44,45].…”

Bilateral granulomatous mastitis after local nandrolone injection

“…Almost all affected women reported in different series have had a history of pregnancy and lactation, recent in many cases. The etiology is unknown; association of the disease with pregnancy, breastfeeding and oral contraceptives (OCP) has been mentioned [1,[3][4][5][6]. Imoto et al focus on an association of the disease with hormonal changes.…”

“…Bilateral disease has seldom been seen, although a 25% bilateral occurrence has been reported [1,3,4]. It usually presents as a progressive, ill-defined firm lump which can be painful or tender, and may invade the underlying chest wall mass with galactorrhea, skin ulcers and lumpy indurations [1,[3][4][5]. It ultimately shows an infectious clinical picture with hyperemia and inflammation in the skin, abscesses and chronic fistulae [1,4,7].…”

“…The use of antibiotics has not been confirmed in studies, but is nevertheless recommended in some situations, and these should be one of the first administered treatments in case of abscesses [1][2][3][4][5]. Simple observation and follow-up is one of the approaches in non-complicated cases.…”

“…[4,5] Corticosteroids are actually the most commonly prescribed and most effective recognized treatment. These are administered with regards to the course of the disease: in patients in need of surgery, they can downsize the lesion pre-operatively, or they may be used post-operatively for resistant and complicated cases [3].…”