Granulomatous mastitis secondary to Corynebacterium requiring surgical intervention: a complicated diagnosis

Abstract

Corynebacterium species is a Gram-positive bacillus endogenous to human integument that has previously been associated with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. The diagnosis and treatment of this bacteria may be complicated by inability to distinguish colonization from contamination and infection. We present an uncommon case of granulomatous mastitis associated with negative wound cultures requiring surgical intervention.

Exploration of the role of the penicillin binding protein 2c (Pbp2c) in inducible β-lactam resistance in Corynebacteriaceae

“…Detection of Corynebacteriaceae strains harboring the pbp2c gene could therefore contribute to improve the management of patients with complex infections implying Corynebacteriaceae . To highly notice, this would make possible avoiding the use of second-line antibiotics, which can expose patients to side effects, such as renal failure with vancomycin ( Lu et al, 2023 ), or the emergence of highly resistant strains with daptomycin ( McElvania TeKippe et al, 2014 ; Mitchell et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Among opportunistic pathogens, Corynebacterium jeikeium and Corynebacterium urealyticum are components of human skin flora. C. jeikeium belong to the lipophilic Corynebacteriaceae sub-family and is a nosocomial pathogen commonly involved in catheter infections, prosthetic endocarditis ( Rezaei Bookani et al, 2018 ; Gupta et al, 2021 ), periprosthetic joint infections ( Seutz et al, 2023 ), and sepsis ( Bernard, 2012 ), whereas C. urealyticum is mostly involved in urinary tract infections, such as alkaline cystitis ( Soriano et al, 1985 ), granulomatous mastitis ( Lu et al, 2023 ), and post-kidney transplant pyelitis ( Soriano and Tauch, 2008 ). The diagnosis and treatment of Corynebacteriaceae can be complicated by the inability to distinguish colonization from contamination and infection, and by the high prevalence of multidrug resistance in clinical isolates, especially to β-lactams, the most widely used class of antibiotics ( Soriano et al, 1995 ; Fernandez-Roblas et al, 2009 ; Bluth et al, 2015 ).…”

Immune pathogenesis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: from etiology toward therapeutic approaches

“…Tissue culture from a repeat biopsy in a 28-year-old woman grew Mycobacterium mucogenicum , a rare cause of skin and soft tissue infections ( 89 ). As a possible infectious etiology, Corynebacterium species ( 90 ), especially Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii ( 91 , 92 ) , have been identified in the progression of IGM. Microorganisms detected by culture in previous studies are cluttered, random, and lack regularity, making it difficult to guide clinical practice.…”