Grapefruit Seed Extract Inhibits the Formation of Amyloid-like Fibrils by Trypsin in Aqueous Ethanol

Abstract

Several natural compounds deriving from plants are known to be efficient anti-amyloid aggregation agents. In this study, anti-aggregation activity of grapefruit seed extract was investigated using trypsin as a model protein in aqueous ethanol at pH 7.0. Using turbidity measurement, Congo red (CR) binding assay, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we found that grapefruit seed extract has ability to inhibit trypsin amyloidlike fibril formation in vitro, and effectiveness increases with growing concentration of grapefruit seed extract. The total phenolic content of it was determined. The results showed that in addition to the polyphenolic compounds some other compounds are also responsible for the fibril formation inhibitory effect. We indicated it for the first time that limonin has anti-fibrillation effect.

Macrocyclic Cavitand β‐Cyclodextrin Inhibits the Alcohol‐Induced Trypsin Aggregation

“…Ethanol (EtOH) is the most commonly used alcohol in beverages available in the market with the highest percentage varying from 3–50 % (v/v) [13] . Aggregation of Trypsin is triggered in the presence of 60 % EtOH as reported by Kotormán and co‐workers [14–17] . Different mutations and inactivation of genes due to autodigestion of pancreatic Trypsin, triggered by alcohol consumption, serve as the active precursor of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer [18] .…”

“…[13] Aggregation of Trypsin is triggered in the presence of 60 % EtOH as reported by Kotormán and co-workers. [14][15][16][17] Different mutations and inactivation of genes due to autodigestion of pancreatic Trypsin, triggered by alcohol consumption, serve as the active precursor of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. [18] Pglycoprotein expressed by more than 95 % of pancreatic cancer cells excludes the chemotherapeutics from entering, thereby making the treatment of pancreatic cancer more difficult.…”

Peppermint extract inhibits protein aggregation

“…In these experiments, trypsin was used as a model protein modified with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). PMStrypsin amyloid-like fibrils were prepared as previously reported in aqueous ethanol (Kotormán et al 2017;Kasi et al 2018b). The aggregation propensity of PMS-trypsin solutions in 60% (v/v) ethanol at pH 7.0 in the absence and presence of various herb extracts was monitored via turbidity measurements.…”

Avocado Juice Prevents the Formation of Trypsin Amyloid-Like Fibrils in Aqueous Ethanol

“…In our experiments, trypsin modified with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) was used as a model protein. Phenylmethylsulfonyl-trypsin amyloid-like fibrils were prepared as previously reported by Kasi et al 31 Earlier we had showed that PMS-trypsin forms amyloid-like fibrils in 60% ethanol/10 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). 32 The detection of amyloid growth is usually done by measuring the turbidity of the solution.…”