Graph-Theoretical Analysis of the Swiss Road and Railway Networks Over Time

Erath, Alexander; Löchl, Michael; Axhausen, Kay W.

doi:10.1007/s11067-008-9074-7

Cited by 141 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This approach requires a well-documented road network without any topological errors (Erath et al, 2009). International road connections may compromise this analysis: along the Swedish border the computed excess distances are biased because we miss possible shorter detours that make use of the Swedish road network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roads at risk: traffic detours from debris flows in southern Norway

Meyer

Schwanghart

Korup

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Globalisation and interregional exchange of people, goods, and services has boosted the importance of and reliance on all kinds of transport networks. The linear structure of road networks is especially sensitive to natural hazards. In southern Norway, steep topography and extreme weather events promote frequent traffic disruption caused by debris flows. Topographic susceptibility and trigger frequency maps serve as input into a hazard appraisal at the scale of first-order catchments to quantify the impact of debris flows on the road network in terms of a failure likelihood of each link connecting two network vertices, e.g. road junctions. We compute total additional traffic loads as a function of traffic volume and excess distance, i.e. the extra length of an alternative path connecting two previously disrupted network vertices using a shortest-path algorithm. Our risk metric of link failure is the total additional annual traffic load, expressed as vehicle kilometres, because of debris-flow-related road closures. We present two scenarios demonstrating the impact of debris flows on the road network and quantify the associated path-failure likelihood between major cities in southern Norway. The scenarios indicate that major routes crossing the central and north-western part of the study area are associated with high link-failure risk. Yet options for detours on major routes are manifold and incur only little additional costs provided that drivers are sufficiently well informed about road closures. Our risk estimates may be of importance to road network managers and transport companies relying on speedy delivery of services and goods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roads at risk: traffic detours from debris flows in southern Norway

Meyer

Schwanghart

Korup

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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show abstract

“…While funding is a project cornerstone, the decision to construct a line is influenced by many factors. is study tests whether accessibility (the ease of reaching destinations) (Batty et al 2000;ElGeneidy and Levinson 2006;Farber et al 2013;Hansen 1959;Huang and Levinson 2012;Iacono et al 2008Iacono et al , 2010Ingram 1971;Kwan 2000;Levine et al 2012;Levinson and Parthasarathi 2012;Levinson 1998;Levinson and Krizek 2005;Liu and Zhu 2004;Miller 1991Miller , 1999Miller , 2005Miller and Wu 2000;Novak and Sullivan 2013;Owen et al 2012;Pirie 1979;Vickerman et al 1999;Wu and Miller 2001) explains network growth (which lines are built) (Bettencourt and West 2010;Bettencourt et al 2007;Erath et al 2009;Levinson and Karamalaputi 2003;Levinson 2012;Roth et al 2012;Southworth and Ben-Joseph 2003;Xie and Levinson 2011). Geurs and Wee (Geurs and Van Wee 2004) have defined four basic measures that accessibility analyses can cover: 1) location, 2) people, 3) infrastructure, and 4) utility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessibility and the choice of network investments in the London Underground

Levinson

Giacomin

Badsey-Ellis³

2015

JTLU

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Abstract:In 1863, the Metropolitan Railway of what came to be known as the London Underground successfully opened as the world's first subway. Its high ridership spawned interest in additional links. Entrepreneurs secured funding and then proposed new lines to Parliament for approval, though only some were actually approved. While putative rail barons may have conducted some economic analysis, the final decision lay with Parliament, which did not have modern transportation, economic, or geographic analysis tools available. How good were the decisions that Parliament made in approving Underground lines? This paper explores the role accessibility played in the decision to approve or reject proposed early London Tube schemes. It finds that maximizing accessibility to population (highly correlated with revenue and ridership) per expenditure largely explains Parliamentary approvals and rejections.

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“…Gattuso and Miriello (2005) performed a comparative analysis of metro networks based on graph and geographic level indicators, assessing their influence on two performance indicators: commercial speed and service frequency. Nationwide transport networks were also characterized using concepts of graph theory in studies such as Erath et al (2009), for rail and road transport, and Blumenfeld-Lieberthal (2009), for rail and air transport. Other studies have focused on the relations between the spatial structure of networks and their vulnerability and resilience under critical situations (Cats and Jenelius 2014;Jonkeren et al 2014;Modica and Reggiani 2014).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Efficiency of European Metro Systems: The Effects of Operational Management and Socioeconomic Environment

Lobo

Couto

2015

Netw Spat Econ

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This study focuses on the relationship between the operational performance of metro systems and their socioeconomic contexts. We use a two-stage methodology applied to a sample of 17 European metro systems. First, we apply a stochastic frontier approach to establish the optimal production function and to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness levels of each firm through offer and demand-characterizing indicators, respectively. Only internal production factors are included in the first stage of this analysis. In a second stage, we use a similar modeling approach, but considering an additional set of variables characterizing the socioeconomic environment of the urban areas in which metro systems operate. This method allows observing the effects on operational performance measurements due to the inclusion of external factors, and consequently, drawing some conclusions on the technical efficiency of metro systems and their operations in beneficial or adverse surrounding environments. Different scores resulting from both perspectives evidence the contributions of the socioeconomic factors to improve the reliability of performance measurements and to reduce false inefficiencies. The results show that 12 of the analyzed systems are being affected by an unfavourable socioeconomic environment and/or their network suffers from some adequacy problems with regard to demand. The remaining 5 systems should improve their management strategies, since their results are being supported by a favourable surrounding environment.

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Graph-Theoretical Analysis of the Swiss Road and Railway Networks Over Time

Abstract: Transport network topology, Network efficiency, Highway network development, Kernel density,

Cited by 141 publications

References 28 publications

Roads at risk: traffic detours from debris flows in southern Norway

Roads at risk: traffic detours from debris flows in southern Norway

Accessibility and the choice of network investments in the London Underground

Technical Efficiency of European Metro Systems: The Effects of Operational Management and Socioeconomic Environment

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