Graphene: A versatile platform for nanotheranostics and tissue engineering

Bai, Renu Geetha; Ninan, Neethu; Muthoosamy, Kasturi; Manickam, Sivakumar

doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.08.004

Cited by 132 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 434 publications

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“…In another case, Hu's study confirmed that fluorinated graphene oxide (FGO) had magnetic properties due to the existence of C-F bond, so the FGO could be used as a carbon-based contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without other magnetic nanoparticles. 56 Moreover, compared with the distribution of proton ( 1 H) in the human body, the distribution of 19 F was rarer. Therefore, FGO had a higher signal-to-noise ratio compared with the traditional MRI contrast agents.…”

Section: Application Of Gds In Real-time Detection Of Bone Repair Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 However, because pure graphene particles are easy to agglomerate due to strong van der Waals force, which makes it difficult for GDs to uniformly disperse into composites, 18 they usually need to undergo functionalization before use. 19,20 In most cases, the preparation of graphene oxide (GO) is the first step for their functionalization. 21,22 On the basis of GO, it is possible for carboxyl, 23 amino, 24 hydroxyl 25 and other functional groups to be introduced not only to improve the fluidity and dispersion of graphene, but also to further endow it with new functions, among which is that various active substances can be loaded to improve bioactivities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Bone Repair: Advantages for Promoting Bone Formation and Providing Real-Time Detection, Challenges and Future Prospects</p>

Du¹,

Wang

Zhang³

et al. 2020

IJN

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During continuous innovation in the preparation, characterization and application of various bone repair materials for several decades, nanomaterials have exhibited many unique advantages. As a kind of representative two-dimensional nanomaterials, graphene and its derivatives (GDs) such as graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide have shown promising potential for the application in bone repair based on their excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, large specific surface area (SSA) and atomic structure stability. Herein, we reviewed the updated application of them in bone repair in order to present, as comprehensively, as possible, their specific advantages, challenges and current solutions. Firstly, how their advantages have been utilized in bone repair materials with improved bone formation ability was discussed. Especially, the effects of further functionalization or modification were emphasized. Then, the signaling pathways involved in GDs-induced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and immunomodulatory mechanism of GDs-induced bone regeneration were discussed. On the other hand, their applications as contrast agents in the field of bone repair were summarized. In addition, we also reviewed the progress and related principles of the effects of GDs parameters on cytotoxicity and residues. At last, the future research was prospected.

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Section: Application Of Gds In Real-time Detection Of Bone Repair Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Bone Repair: Advantages for Promoting Bone Formation and Providing Real-Time Detection, Challenges and Future Prospects</p>

Du¹,

Wang

Zhang³

et al. 2020

IJN

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“…Graphene-based biosensing becomes an adaptable diagnostic method because of the practical role of graphene in electroanalysis and electrocatalysis, enabling cost effective, fast and in-situ analysis of biological samples with high accuracy and sensitivity [56]. Normally, biosensors are classified as electrochemical biosensors, optical biosensors, thermal-detection biosensors, ion-sensitive, field-effect transistor, and resonant biosensors according to its transducer unit [57,58], among which electrochemical biosensing and optical biosensing are most frequently used because of their simplicity.…”

Section: Graphene Based Cancer Nanociagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers-based Biosensing and Bioimaging with Graphene for Cancer Diagnosis

Tang

Xiong

et al. 2019

Nanomaterials

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At the onset of cancer, specific biomarkers get elevated or modified in body fluids or tissues. Early diagnosis of these biomarkers can greatly improve the survival rate or facilitate effective treatment with different modalities. Potential nanomaterial-based biosensing and bioimaging are the main techniques in nanodiagnostics because of their ultra-high selectivity and sensitivity. Emerging graphene, including two dimensional (2D) graphene films, three dimensional (3D) graphene architectures and graphene hybrids (GHs) nanostructures, are attracting increasing interests in the field of biosensing and bioimaging. Due to their remarkable optical, electronic, and thermal properties; chemical and mechanical stability; large surface area; and good biocompatibility, graphene-based nanomaterials are applicable alternatives as versatile platforms to detect biomarkers at the early stage of cancer. Moreover, currently, extensive applications of graphene-based biosensing and bioimaging has resulted in promising prospects in cancer diagnosis. We also hope this review will provide critical insights to inspire more exciting researches to address the current remaining problems in this field.

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“…Graphene, a ''two-dimensional'' material made of sp 2hybridised carbon, is an attractive platform for nanomedicine, including drug delivery [1], theranostics [2], non-viral gene transfer [3], regenerative medicine [4,5], sensors [6], and bioelectronics [7], because of its unique combination of properties including high carrier mobility [8], high yield strength [9,10], and facile chemical modification [11]. Chemical modifications are useful for tuning graphene's solvent dispersibility and for providing chemically reactive attachment points for further modifications, such as bonding to a matrix in a nanocomposite [12] or the attachment of biomolecules [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A versatile route to edge-specific modifications to pristine graphene by electrophilic aromatic substitution

et al. 2020

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This work presents a general method for producing edge-modified graphene using electrophilic aromatic substitution. Five types of edge-modified graphene were created from graphene/graphite nanoplatelets sourced commercially and produced by ultrasonic exfoliation of graphite in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. In contrast to published methods based on Friedel-Crafts acylation, this method does not introduce a carbonyl group that may retard electron transfer between the graphene sheet and its pendant groups. Graphene sulphonate (G-SO 3-) was prepared by chlorosulphonation and then reduced to form graphene thiol (G-SH). The modifications tuned the graphene nanoparticles' solubility: G-SO 3 was readily dispersible in water, and G-SH was dispersible in toluene. The synthetic utility of the directly attached reactive moieties was demonstrated by creating a ''glycographene'' through radical addition of allyl mannoside to G-SH. Chemical modifications were confirmed by FT-IR and XPS. Based on XPS analysis of edge-modified GNPs, G-SO 3 and G-SH had a S:C atomic ratio of 0.3:100. XPS showed that a significant amount of carbon sp 2 character remained after functionalisation, indicating little modification to the conductive basal plane. The edge specificity of the modifications was visualised on edge-modified samples of graphene produced by chemical vapour deposition (CVD): scanning electron microscopy of gold nanoparticles attached to G-SH samples,

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Graphene: A versatile platform for nanotheranostics and tissue engineering

Cited by 132 publications

References 434 publications

<p>Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Bone Repair: Advantages for Promoting Bone Formation and Providing Real-Time Detection, Challenges and Future Prospects</p>

<p>Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Bone Repair: Advantages for Promoting Bone Formation and Providing Real-Time Detection, Challenges and Future Prospects</p>

Biomarkers-based Biosensing and Bioimaging with Graphene for Cancer Diagnosis

A versatile route to edge-specific modifications to pristine graphene by electrophilic aromatic substitution

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