Graphene, conducting polymer and their composites as transparent and current spreading electrode in GaN solar cells

“…28 The average crystallite size and strain of the nanorods are calculated from the Williamson and Hall (W-H) plot. 29 The average crystallite size and strain of the nanoparticles are shown in Table 1. It was found that due to the incorporation of impurities, the crystallite size decreases.…”

Section: Sensor Head Preparation and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber optic magnetic field sensor using Co doped ZnO nanorods as cladding

2018

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“…Due to this remarkable performance, it is a promising material to be used as an efficient electrode based on environmentally friendly materials and low fabrication cost. Mahala et al [52] reported on the design and characterization of solar cells using exfoliated graphene:PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:PSS:RGO as transparent and current spreading electrode (TCSE). Results indicate that graphene/conducting polymer composites showed a great potential to be used as TCSE.…”

Section: Hybrid Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Electrodes: A Review of the Use of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

L¹,

pez-Naranjo²,

Gonz

et al. 2016

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Transparent conducting electrodes (TCE) are extensively applied in a great range of optoelectronic and photovoltaic equipment (e.g., solar cells, touch panels, and flexible devices). Carbon-based nanomaterials are considered as suitable replacements to substitute traditional materials to manufacture TCE due to their remarkable characteristics, for example, high optical transmittance and outstanding electrical properties. In comparison with traditional indium tin oxide electrodes, carbon-based electrodes show good mechanical properties, chemical stability, and low cost. Nevertheless, major issues related to the development of good quality manufacture methods to produce carbon-based nanomaterials have to be overcome to meet massive market requirements. Hence, the development of alternative TCE materials as well as appropriate large production techniques that meet the requirements of a proper sheet resistance along with a high optical transparency is a priority. Therefore, in this work, we summarize and discuss novel production and synthesis methods, chemical treatments, and hybrid materials developed to satisfy the worldwide request for carbon-based nanomaterials.

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“…The interfaces between such bubble and substrate (in the case of epitaxial graphene SiC) display unique capacitance effects which lead to the emergence of a mini gap in the electronic band structure of graphene of approximately ⁓5 meV. Therefore, the potential of graphene and graphene containing materials for future applications is immense and already shows promise in fields like nano-electronics [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], nonlinear optics [ 40 ] and plasmonics [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy Imaging of Exceptional Electronic Properties in Epitaxial Graphene Grown on SiC

et al. 2020

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Graphene distinctive electronic and optical properties have sparked intense interest throughout the scientific community bringing innovation and progress to many sectors of academia and industry. Graphene manufacturing has rapidly evolved since its discovery in 2004. The diverse growth methods of graphene have many comparative advantages in terms of size, shape, quality and cost. Specifically, epitaxial graphene is thermally grown on a silicon carbide (SiC) substrate. This type of graphene is unique due to its coexistence with the SiC underneath which makes the process of transferring graphene layers for devices manufacturing simple and robust. Raman analysis is a sensitive technique extensively used to explore nanocarbon material properties. Indeed, this method has been widely used in graphene studies in fundamental research and application fields. We review the principal Raman scattering processes in SiC substrate and demonstrate epitaxial graphene growth. We have identified the Raman bands signature of graphene for different layers number. The method could be readily adopted to characterize structural and exceptional electrical properties for various epitaxial graphene systems. Particularly, the variation of the charge carrier concentration in epitaxial graphene of different shapes and layers number have been precisely imaged. By comparing the intensity ratio of 2D line and G line—“I2D/IG”—the density of charge across the graphene layers could be monitored. The obtained results were compared to previous electrical measurements. The substrate longitudinal optical phonon coupling “LOOPC” modes have also been examined for several epitaxial graphene layers. The LOOPC of the SiC substrate shows a precise map of the density of charge in epitaxial graphene systems for different graphene layers number. Correlations between the density of charge and particular graphene layer shape such as bubbles have been determined. All experimental probes show a high degree of consistency and efficiency. Our combined studies have revealed novel capacitor effect in diverse epitaxial graphene system. The SiC substrate self-compensates the graphene layer charge without any external doping. We have observed a new density of charge at the graphene—substrate interface. The located capacitor effects at epitaxial graphene-substrate interfaces give rise to an unexpected mini gap in graphene band structure.

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Graphene, conducting polymer and their composites as transparent and current spreading electrode in GaN solar cells

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Fiber optic magnetic field sensor using Co doped ZnO nanorods as cladding

Fiber optic magnetic field sensor using Co doped ZnO nanorods as cladding

Transparent Electrodes: A Review of the Use of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

Raman Spectroscopy Imaging of Exceptional Electronic Properties in Epitaxial Graphene Grown on SiC

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