Graphene decorated twin-core fiber Michelson interferometer for all-optical phase shifter and switch

Chu, Rang; Guan, Chunying; Bo, Yutao; Liu, Jing; Yang, Jing; Ye, Peng; Li, Ping; Yang, Jun

doi:10.1364/ol.45.000177

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…4. Compared with other schemes, including graphene/WS 2 /gold nanorods-coated microfibers [10][11][12], sidepolished twin-core fiber [13] or etched-FBG [15], and graphene-coated MZIs by external pumping [17,29], the response rate of this device is enhanced by ~3 orders of magnitude. It could be attributed to the resonant-pump at a dip wavelength of the TFBG's cladding mode and the employment of the thin fiber, which will significantly enhance the accessible evanescent field and the pump efficiency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The pumpheating will modulate the effective refractive index of cladding modes and then induce a globally spectral shift. To explain it, we numerically analyzed the cladding mode resonance pumped thermal process in the graphene-integrated thin TFBG, based on the heat-generation and transfer theory [10,13,17]. The temperature distribution T(r) in the thin fiber is described by the steady-state heat conduction equation -k 2 T(r)=Q S , where k=1.38 Wm -1 K -1 is the thermal conductivity of silica, and Q S is the heat source per unit volume generated by graphene absorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attributed to the leaking evanescent field of geometrymodified fibers, including microfibers [8][9][10][11][12], side-polished fibers [13,14], and etched/tilted fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) [15,16], it is possible to integrate active materials with them to assist the all-optical effects. For instance, by using the optical Kerr effect [8] and absorption loss effect [2,9], the graphenecoated microfiber can be used to achieve the ultrafast all-optical modulation, while showing a low modulation depth and requiring the pump lasers with high-peak power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Few-Layer Graphene Integrated Tilted Fiber Grating For All-Optical Switching

Jiang

Hou

Wang

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Recently, the integration of two-dimensional materials with optical fibers has opened up a great opportunity to develop all-fiber signal-processing devices. Graphene is an ideal material for all-optical signal processing via thermal-optic effect because of its high electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as broadband light-matter interactions with fast responses. Herein, we report the achievement of all-optical switching with fast response by integrating few-layer graphene onto a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) inscribed in a reduceddiameter fiber. Relying on graphene's decent photothermal effect, the transmission spectrum of the TFBG could be alloptically modulated by tuning the incident pump power. The all-optical switch can consequently operate at a series of wavelengths owing to the TFBG's comb-like resonances. The reduced diameter of the graphene-integrated TFBG and the pump at its resonant wavelength promise the alloptical switch to have a fast-dynamic response of around 1 s and an extinction ratio exceeding 13 dB. This compact device with graphene integration has the potentials to be integrated into all-fiber system to extend the functions of all-optical signal processing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Few-Layer Graphene Integrated Tilted Fiber Grating For All-Optical Switching

Jiang

Hou

Wang

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…In 2020, Rang Chu et al reported an all-optical phase shifter and switch based on a graphene decorated side-polished twin-core fiber (TCF) Michelson Polymers 2021, 13, 2117 2 of 10 interferometer (MI). Relying on graphene's photo-thermal effects, it could achieve a nearly linear slope of 0.0102 π/mW near the wavelength of 1550 nm and its switching times were 55.8 ms (rise) and 15.5 ms (fall) [17]. Graphene has also made important discoveries in modulators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-Assisted Polymer Waveguide Optically Controlled Switch Using First-Order Mode

Yang

Lin

et al. 2021

Polymers

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All-optical devices have a great potential in optical communication systems. As a new material, graphene has attracted great attention in the field of optics due to its unique properties. We propose a graphene-assisted polymer optically controlled thermo-optic switch, based on the Ex01 mode, which can reduce the absorption loss of graphene. Graphene absorbs 980 nm pump light, and uses the heat generated by ohmic heating to switch on and off the signal light at 1550 nm. The simulation results show that, when the graphene is in the right position, we can obtain the power consumption of 9.5 mW, the propagation loss of 0.01 dB/cm, and the switching time of 127 μs (rise)/125 μs (fall). The switching time can be improved to 106 μs (rise) and 102 μs (fall) with silicon substrate. Compared with an all-fiber switch, our model has lower power consumption and lower propagation loss. The proposed switch is suitable for optically controlled fields with low loss and full polarization. Due to the low cost and easy integration of polymer materials, the device will play an important role in the fields of all-optical signal processing and silicon-based hybrid integrated photonic devices.

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“…Graphene has many interesting applications in several areas of physics, electronics, and photonics, including an ultrafast carrier mobility and a high intrinsic thermal conductivity along the plane of its 2D structure, [1][2][3][4][5] including thermal bistability. [6][7][8][9][10] While switching based on thermal bistability is a relatively slow process, it still may be used for applications where DOI: 10.1002/andp.202000157 ultrafast response speed is not necessary such as optical routing and switching. [7,8,10,11] In fact, several siliconbased thermally bistable photonic integrated devices using graphenebased flexible heat conductors have been demonstrated, such as waveguide resonators, [6] microfiber phase shifters, [7,8] photonic ring resonators, [9] and micro gratings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturable Absorption and Bistable Switching of Single Mode Fiber Core‐Guided Light by a 6 nm‐thick, Few Layers Graphene Coating on the Cladding Surface

Liu

Guo

et al. 2020

Annalen der Physik

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The coupling of less than 80 µW of in‐plane polarized near‐infrared light in a 6 nm‐thick graphene layer deposited on an optical fiber produces important permittivity changes leading to bistability and self‐starting 50% modulation of over 1 W of continuous wave light in the core. These features arise from resonant coupling of core‐guided light into the cladding by a 12‐degree tilted, 1 cm long fiber Bragg grating via narrowband, polarization‐dependent resonances that allow the selection of cladding modes with electric fields polarized in the plane of the graphene. The pulse repetition rate of the modulation increases from 10 to 269 Hz for input powers ranging from 0.3 to 1.33 W in the core, with no evidence of saturation. Investigations into the origin of these effects through physical modelling and different experimental conditions point to photo‐induced Joule heating in the graphene layer giving rise to temperature increases of the order of 60 °C and corresponding permittivity changes in the graphene and underlying silica fiber. Those changes lead to shifts in the resonance positions which result in the equivalent of saturable absorption for light guided in the core without direct contact with the absorbing graphene layer.

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Graphene decorated twin-core fiber Michelson interferometer for all-optical phase shifter and switch

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Few-Layer Graphene Integrated Tilted Fiber Grating For All-Optical Switching

Few-Layer Graphene Integrated Tilted Fiber Grating For All-Optical Switching

Graphene-Assisted Polymer Waveguide Optically Controlled Switch Using First-Order Mode

Saturable Absorption and Bistable Switching of Single Mode Fiber Core‐Guided Light by a 6 nm‐thick, Few Layers Graphene Coating on the Cladding Surface

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