Graphene-derivatized silica as an efficient solid-phase extraction sorbent for pre-concentration of fluoroquinolones from water followed by liquid-chromatography fluorescence detection

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“…At the same time for the quantification of the analyte from marketed formulations and in bulk a proper sample preparation procedure is often required when the excepients in formulations (suspensions, lotions, creams) interferes with the analyte 36 . In such cases sample pretreatment is often necessary [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] . Thus possible chromatographic interferences and clogging or detoriation of the column can be avoided.…”

“…A number of chromatographic techniques have been developed in last two decades for the quantification of newer fluoroquinolones 14-22 from a variety of sample matrices. The introduction of chromatographic techniques has revolutionized the process of detection, separation and quantification of the parent components and the respective metabolites with higher selectivity, sensitivity, precession and accuracy form a variety of sample matrices including biological and environmental matrices [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] . Moreover these chromatographic techniques can be derived from available techniques with slight modification or can be developed on the basis of knowledge gathered through experience and physical properties of the analyte under consideration.…”

Fluoroquinolone residues in compost by green enhanced microwave-assisted extraction followed by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

“…The environmental diffusion of these synthetic drugs has been assessed in the recent years, both in water [9,10] and soil [11] compartments, and essentially is involved by the partial metabolism FQs undergo after ingestion [12], to the partial removal during wastewater treatment [13,14] and land application of livestock/urban compost [15]. As a matter of fact, FQs are one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals, together with sulfonamides, tetracycline, and macrolides [12].…”

Zeolite/Fe3O4 as a new sorbent in magnetic solid‐phase extraction followed by gas chromatography for determining phthalates in aqueous samples

“…To modify and increase the absorption/desorption of sorbents, the core–shell mechanism was applied. In this way, magnetic particles were loaded on a suitable support and are used as an MSPE sorbent to extract target analytes from different real samples . One of the best materials that can be used for the core in core/sell mechanism is zeolite.…”