Graphene grafted magnetic microspheres for solid phase extraction of bisphenol A and triclosan from water samples followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis

Abstract

Graphene grafted magnetic microspheres were prepared and used as the adsorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of bisphenol A and triclosan from water samples prior to their determination by GC-MS detection.

Graphene Oxide Based Magnetic Nanocomposites with Polymers as Effective Bisphenol–A Nanoadsorbents

“…In the spectra for GO–PANI and GO–PANIm nanocomposites (Figure 13e,f), the characteristic peak of the carboxyl groups at 1730 cm −1 disappeared due to the reaction of these groups with the –NH 2 groups of the polyaniline to form amides that presented a characteristic peak at 1540 cm −1 [64] indicating that PANI was successfully impregnated onto GO [65,66]. The bands at 1143, 1491, and 1564 cm −1 may be attributed to the N−Q−N−Q stretch of the quinonoid (Q) ring, benzenoid ring vibration (C=C stretching deformations), and quinonoid ring vibration (N=Q=N), while the band at 1290 cm −1 is assigned to the C–N stretching vibrations correlated to emeraldine [25,29]. The characteristic peak at ~800 cm −1 that is related with the bending vibration of C–H group to the 1,4 substituent group benzene ring out of plane, as well as the in-plane vibration of C−H groups (987 cm −1 ), were indicative of the end-to-end connection way of polymerization of aniline, confirmed that aniline had been successfully turned into PANI [66] while the peaks due to the N−Q−N−Q stretching of the quinonoid ring were indicative that PANI had been covalently grafted onto GO surface.…”

“…Recently, magnetic nanomaterials were investigated as adsorbents with the advantage of the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method [22,23]. This method has considerable advantages in separation processes, due to the low cost and the satisfactory magnetic separation, in less time, avoiding filtration [24] and centrifugation procedures [25]. Iron-based materials are often used for environmental treatments applying magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) with the most common to be magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) because of its low cost, easy separation, high surface area and the fact that it is friendly with the environment [26,27,28].…”

Recent progress in the application of nanomaterials in the analysis of emerging chemical contaminants

“…104 The magnetic particles were typically encapsulated with silica or polymer shells to prevent them from being oxidized and also to facilitate further modication. 45,[104][105][106][107] Ionic liquids, 108 MIPs, 50 nanoparticles could be used to quickly eliminate, extract, and detect bisphenol A (BPA). 104 Yang et al deposited magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) particles onto a graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanosheet surface by a facile in situ growth method.…”

“…Under the optimized conditions, the LODs of BPA and TCS were 10.0 and 20.0 ng L À1 , respectively. 105 Gan et al prepared novel magnetic Fe 3 O 4 @PDDA/GO x @DNA nanoparticles (PDDA ¼ poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride)) by hydrothermal procedures and a layer-by-layer selfassembly method. The nanoparticles were used as adsorbents to extract and remove polybrominated biphenyls (PBDEs) from real water samples based on MSPE followed by GC/MS.…”

Magnetic solid‐phase extraction based on a polydopamine‐coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles absorbent for the determination of bisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A, 2,4,6‐tribromophenol, and (S)‐1,1’‐bi‐2‐naphthol in environmental waters by HPLC

“…Among different magnetic materials, iron oxides such as magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) are most frequently used because of their biocompatibility, facile preparation process, low price, simple separation procedure, good environmental friendliness, and reusability. For high adsorption capacity to organic compounds, multiple carbon materials have been modified on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 to extract trace phenols from environmental and biological samples, such as carbon‐coated Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 /C) , carbon nanotubes , graphene , and reduced graphene oxide , and the like . However, several carbon materials, for example, graphene‐doped Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites (Fe 3 O 4 @G), could not well disperse in aqueous matrix attributed to their strong hydrophobicity, affecting the extraction efficiency for phenols.…”