Graphene Growth via Carburization of Stainless Steel and Application in Energy Storage

Gullapalli, Hemtej; Reddy, Arava Leela Mohana; Kilpatrick, S. J.; Dubey, Madan; Ajayan, Pulickel M.

doi:10.1002/smll.201100111

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recently new materials such as graphene and its derivatives have been used as electrodes in applications such as supercapacitors and batteries9101112. Of the several issues being addressed for electrochemical energy storage devices, high temperature capabilities for powering sensors in oil drilling industries (downhole temperatures are above 120°C), military and space applications has not yet fully addressed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercapacitor Operating At 200 Degrees Celsius

Borges

Reddy

Rodrigues

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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104

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The operating temperatures of current electrochemical energy storage devices are limited due to electrolyte degradation and separator instability at higher temperatures. Here we demonstrate that a tailored mixture of materials can facilitate operation of supercapacitors at record temperatures, as high as 200°C. Composite electrolyte/separator structures made from naturally occurring clay and room temperature ionic liquids, with graphitic carbon electrodes, show stable supercapacitor performance at 200°C with good cyclic stability. Free standing films of such high temperature composite electrolyte systems can become versatile functional membranes in several high temperature energy conversion and storage applications.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercapacitor Operating At 200 Degrees Celsius

Borges

Reddy

Rodrigues

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

Self Cite

104

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“…Graphene has also been grown by the CVD method on stainless steel substrates [186,187] . Rapid progress in terms of large area deposition of thin fi lms via transfer onto plastic and glass substrates has been taking place in the past few years [188,189] .…”

Section: Graphenementioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring nanostructured catalysts for electrochemical energy conversion systems

Gago¹,

Habrioux

Alonso-Vante

2012

Nanotechnology Reviews

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This review covers topics related to the synthesis of nanoparticles, the anodic and cathodic electrochemical reactions and low temperature electrochemical energy devices. The thermodynamic aspects of nucleation and growth of nanoparticles are discussed. Different methods of chemical synthesis such as w/o microemulsion, B ö nnemann, polyol and carbonyl are presented. How the electrochemical reactions take place on the surface of the catalytic nanoparticles and the importance of the substrate is put in evidence. The use of nanomaterials in low temperature energy devices such as H 2 /O 2 polymer electrolyte or proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and micro-direct methanol fuel cell ( μ DMFC), as well as recent progress and durability, is discussed. Special attention is given to the novel laminar fl ow fuel cell (LFFC). This review starts with the genesis of catalytic nanoparticles, continues with the surface electrochemical reactions that occur on them, and fi nally it discusses their application in electrochemical energy devices such as low temperature fuel cells or Li-air batteries.

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“…Besides, C and Fe prefer to form Fe 3 C, rather than to grow graphene on Fe. Despite this misfit, several researchers [22][23][24] have contributed their efforts to growing graphene on steels. John et al [22] developed a synthesis of graphene on commercially stainless steel foils using direct thermal CVD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They found that the oxide of Mn and Cr along with MnCr 2 O 4 played a key role in graphene growth. Gullapalli et al [23] modified carburization process to obtain graphene on stainless steel foils. Although these successful attempts are inspiring, they did not further explore the application of graphene grown on Fe or steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%