Graphene/MoS2 Nanohybrid for Biosensors

Abstract

Graphene has been studied a lot in different scientific fields because of its unique properties, including its superior conductivity, plasmonic property, and biocompatibility. More recently, transition metal dicharcogenide (TMD) nanomaterials, beyond graphene, have been widely researched due to their exceptional properties. Among the various TMD nanomaterials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has attracted attention in biological fields due to its excellent biocompatibility and simple steps for synthesis. Accordingly, graphene and MoS2 have been widely studied to be applied in the development of biosensors. Moreover, nanohybrid materials developed by hybridization of graphene and MoS2 have a huge potential for developing various types of outstanding biosensors, like electrochemical-, optical-, or surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based biosensors. In this review, we will focus on materials such as graphene and MoS2. Next, their application will be discussed with regard to the development of highly sensitive biosensors based on graphene, MoS2, and nanohybrid materials composed of graphene and MoS2. In conclusion, this review will provide interdisciplinary knowledge about graphene/MoS2 nanohybrids to be applied to the biomedical field, particularly biosensors.

Multifunctional Hybrid MoS2-PEGylated/Au Nanostructures with Potential Theranostic Applications in Biomedicine

“…The same occurs to S2p, it shrinks for MoS2, and a sulfur doublet shows up at higher binding energy. The S2p3/2 line appearing at 169.6 eV is attributed to S 6+ in sulfates (SO4) 2 , which can be explained by either MoO2(SO4) or Mo(SO4)3 formation at the surface of MoS2. Moreover, it was observed some sulfur loss at the surface near region, which may be due to the formation of volatile sulfur compounds during heat treatment.…”

“…However, the main feature that must be considered to a given material be used in biomedical proposals is its physicochemical stability and biological safety [1]. In this context, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and its derivatives have attracted attention due to its excellent biocompatibility and simple synthesis [2]. The 2D nanomaterials have been used in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer [3] especially when they are combined with gold nanoparticles [4][5][6][7].…”

A Review on the Production Methods and Applications of Graphene-Based Materials

“…Until now, several published review articles have explored the production process, physical and chemical properties, as well as applications of graphene-based materials, which can be used in diversified application areas [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]. However, almost all primarily focused on a single application field and studied the material development, their characteristics, and applications only for that particular area, for example, sensors and biosensors [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], energy storage and supercapacitors [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ], and biomedical and drug delivery [ 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. There is a scarcity of review articles on graphene-based materials to comprehensively cover all the production processes of graphene derivatives such as pure and composite graphene fibres, graphene/polymer composite (gPCs), and graphene/fibre/polymer composites (gFPCs), and their applications in various fields such as energy, wearable technology, agriculture, wastewater treatment, medical, healthcare, and in the automobile industry.…”

Multifunctional Leather Surface Design by Using Carbon Nanotube-Based Composites

“…Inside the 2D hexagonal carbon nanotube lattice, the three electron valences are bonded to other carbon atoms while a single π electron shows very high mobility with quantum property in the 3D space and consequently outstanding conductivity, which has made these materials the most studied for electrical or electrochemical sensors [ 5 ].…”

“…Inside the 2D hexagonal carbon nanotube lattice, the three electron valences are bonded to other carbon atoms while a single π electron shows very high mobility with quantum property in the 3D space and consequently outstanding conductivity, which has made these materials the most studied for electrical or electrochemical sensors [5]. Numerous research works for water pollutant removal such as Cr(VI) have been undertaken and demonstrated that at pH = 1, the redox reaction occurs with the formation of less toxic Cr(III), meanwhile at pH = 7, the absorption process takes place on the carbon nanotube multi-walled surface [6].…”