Graphene oxide absorber for 2 µm passive mode-locking Tm:YAlO3 laser

Liu, J.; Wang, Y.G.; Qu, Zun-Shi; Zheng, Lihe; Su, Liangbi; Xu, Jialin

doi:10.1002/lapl.201110087

Cited by 114 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…So far, GSAs have been reported and utilized to construct passively mode-locked ytterbium and erbium doped fiber lasers, [10][11][12] and very recently passively Q-switched and mode-locked Tm-doped lasers at 2-lm by graphene based saturable absorbers have also been demonstrated. 13,14 One of interesting characteristics of graphene saturable absorber (GSAs), in comparison to semiconductor-based devices, is the ultra-broad operational bandwidth. This unique trait of graphene enables the development of ultrafast photonic applications in mid-IR spectral ranges, while mid-IR ultrafast components are not easily attainable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

All-fiber passively mode-locked thulium-doped fiber ring laser using optically deposited graphene saturable absorbers

Wang

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

104

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An all-fiber passively mode-locked thulium-doped fiber ring oscillator is constructed using optically deposited few layer graphene micro-sheets as the saturable absorber (SA). The mode-lock operation was achieved by 130-mW pump power at 1.5-μm. The fiber oscillator produces 2.1-ps soliton pulse output with 80-pJ per pulse energy. The 3-dB bandwidth of the laser output was measured as 2.2-nm. The RF signal-to-noise ratio of 50-dB and sub 20-Hz 3-dB bandwidth of the laser output confirms the stable laser operation with low time jittering. This paper shows that graphene can be an effective saturable absorber for the development of mid-IR fiber mode-locked laser.

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confidence: 99%

All-fiber passively mode-locked thulium-doped fiber ring laser using optically deposited graphene saturable absorbers

Wang

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

104

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“…The data are well fitted by a sech 2 temporal profile, giving a pulse duration∼410fs. This is longer than previously re- ported from SESAMs and nanotube mode-locked 2µm solid-state lasers (e.g.∼200fs 8,9,52 ), but shorter than previous graphene mode-locked 2µm solid-state lasers (e.g.∼10ps 27 ,∼729fs 28 ). The pulse duration is much shorter than 2µm nanotube (e.g.∼0.75ps 53 ,∼1.3ps 55 ) and graphene (e.g.∼3.6ps…”

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confidence: 64%

2 μm solid-state laser mode-locked by single-layer graphene

et al. 2013

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We report a 2µm ultrafast solid-state Tm:Lu 2 O 3 laser, mode-locked by single-layer graphene, generating transform-limited∼410fs pulses, with a spectral width∼11.1nm at 2067nm. The maximum average output power is 270mW, at a pulse repetition frequency of 110MHz. This is a convenient high-power transformlimited laser at 2µm for various applications, such as laser surgery and material processing.Ultrafast lasers operating at∼2µm are of great interest due to their potential in various applications, e.g. telecoms 1 , medicine 2,3 , material processing 3,4 and environment monitoring 5 . They can be used for light detection and ranging measurements 5 and free-space optical communications 5 , due to the 2-2.5µm atmospheric transparency window 5 . Because water (main constituent of human tissue) absorbs more strongly at∼2µm (∼100/cm) 3 than at other conventional laser wavelengths (e.g.∼10/cm at∼1.5µm, and∼1/cm at∼1µm) 3 , sources working at∼2µm are promising for medical diagnostic 3 and laser surgery 3 . Currently, the dominant technique for ultrafast pulse generation at 2µm relies on semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) 6,7 . In-GaAsSb quantum-well-based SESAMs have been used to mode-lock Tm,Ho:NaY(WO 4 ) 2 8 and Tm:Sc 2 O 3 9 lasers, generating 258fs pulses with 155mW output power at 2µm 8 , and 246fs pulses with 325mW output at 2.1µm 9 . However, SESAMs require complex growth techniques (e.g. molecular beam epitaxy 6 ), often combined with ion implantation 8,9 to reduce recovery time 6,7 .Nanotubes and graphene have emerged as promising saturable absorbers (SA), due to their low saturation intensity 10-14 , low-cost 10 and easy fabrication 12,14,15 . With nanotubes, broadband operation can be achieved by using a distribution of tube diameters 10,16 . With graphene, this is intrinsic, due to the gapless linear dispersion of Dirac electrons 12,14 . Ultrafast pulse generation at 0.8 17 , 1 18 , 1.3 19 and 1.5µm [10][11][12]14,[20][21][22][23] was demonstrated with graphene-based SAs (GSAs). Ref.25 reported a 1.94µm Tm-doped fiber laser mode-locked by a polymer composite with graphene produced by liquid phase exfoliation of graphite 14,24 . Compared to solidstate lasers, fiber lasers have some advantages, such as compact geometry and alignment-free operation. However, their output power is typically very low (∼mW 26 ) and their output spectrum generally has side-bands 26 . Solid-state lasers have the advantage, compared to fibre lasers, of sustaining ultrafast pulses with higher output power (typically≥100mW) 6,7 and better pulse quality (e.g. transform-limited with sideband-free profile in

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“…The D band is from the structural imperfections created by the attachment of hydroxyl and epoxide groups on the carbon basal plane. The G band corresponds to ordered sp 2 bonded carbon [27]. According to the reports in [10] and [11], there was an obvious band around 2700 cm −1 named 2D band in the Raman spectrum of graphene, which is considered as an evident feature of graphene material.…”

Section: Frabication Of Graphene Oxide Saturable Abosrbermentioning

confidence: 89%

Mode-locked and Q-switched fiber lasers with graphene oxide based saturable absorber

Cheng

Liu

et al. 2015

SPIE Proceedings

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We review our work on a femtosecond erbium-doped all-fiber laser mode-locked with graphene oxide saturable absorber, which can be conveniently obtained from natural graphite by simple oxidation and ultra-sonication process. The laser directly generated 200 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 22.9 MHz. The stable passively Q-switched operation by graphene oxide saturable absorber in the 1 µm ytterbium-, 1.5 µm erbium-, and 2 µm thulium-doped fiber lasers will be demonstrated as well. These results are comparable with those of graphene saturable absorbers and the superiority of easy fabrication and hydrophilic property of graphene oxide will facilitate its potential applications for ultrafast photonics.

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Graphene oxide absorber for 2 µm passive mode-locking Tm:YAlO3 laser

Cited by 114 publications

References 34 publications

All-fiber passively mode-locked thulium-doped fiber ring laser using optically deposited graphene saturable absorbers

All-fiber passively mode-locked thulium-doped fiber ring laser using optically deposited graphene saturable absorbers

2 μm solid-state laser mode-locked by single-layer graphene

Mode-locked and Q-switched fiber lasers with graphene oxide based saturable absorber

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