Graphene Oxide–Silver Nanoparticles Nanocomposite Stimulates Differentiation in Human Neuroblastoma Cancer Cells (SH-SY5Y)

Abstract

Recently, graphene and graphene related nanocomposite receive much attention due to high surface-to-volume ratio, and unique physiochemical and biological properties. The combination of metallic nanoparticles with graphene-based materials offers a promising method to fabricate novel graphene–silver hybrid nanomaterials with unique functions in biomedical nanotechnology, and nanomedicine. Therefore, this study was designed to prepare graphene oxide (GO) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) nanocomposite (GO-AgNPs) containing two different nanomaterials in single platform with distinctive properties using luciferin as reducing agents. In addition, we investigated the effect of GO-AgNPs on differentiation in SH-SY5Y cells. The synthesized GO-AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The differentiation was confirmed by series of cellular and biochemical assays. The AgNPs were distributed uniformly on the surface of graphene oxide with an average size of 25 nm. As prepared GO-AgNPOs induces differentiation by increasing the expression of neuronal differentiation markers and decreasing the expression of stem cell markers. The results indicated that the redox biology involved the expression of various signaling molecules, which play an important role in differentiation. This study suggests that GO-AgNP nanocomposite could stimulate differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms of differentiation of neuroblastoma cells could provide new strategies for cancer and stem cell therapies. Therefore, these studies suggest that GO-AgNPs could target specific chemotherapy-resistant cells within a tumor.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles on Endometritis Caused by Prevotella melaninogenica and Arcanobacterum pyogenes in Dairy Cattle

“…Similarly, E. coli cells treated with AgNPs displayed a two-fold higher level of 8-oxo-dG on DNA compared to the control [ 66 ]. Similar results were also observed with polymeric nanoparticles that induce DNA damage caused by elevation of ROS level [ 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 ]. Our findings are consistent with mechanisms of other antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics, and suggest that AgNPs induce a toxic effect on bacterial structures by oxidative mechanisms, leading to the oxidation of macromolecules such as lipids, DNA, and proteins, ultimately resulting in bacterial death [ 22 , 52 , 55 ].…”

Nanoparticle-Mediated Combination Therapy: Two-in-One Approach for Cancer

“…A large surface area with abundant functional groups makes GO an attractive platform as an anchoring site for various NPs such as platinum (Pt), Ag, TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , CeO 2 and PbS to form GO-based nanocomposites [ 167 ]. The reduction of GO and its nanocomposites has been used to fabricate a variety of rGO/NP hybrid materials for a wide range of potential applications requiring properties such as optical, electronic, thermal and mechanical [ 167 ] and also various biological applications such as antibacterial and anticancer [ 168 , 169 , 170 ]. Shen et al (2012) prepared a multifunctional nanocomposite GO-PEG-FA/gadolinium(Gd)/DOX-containing GO conjugated with PEG, modified by FA and containing a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe, gadolinium-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid-poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride (Gd-DTPA-PDDA) [ 171 ].…”

Graphene oxide-silver nanocomposites induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in caprine fetal fibroblast cells

“…One of the adverse effects of oxidative stress is the lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. Many type of cells treated with AgNPs and GO showed signi cantly increased levels of MDA, which is one of the nal products of polyunsaturated fatty acids peroxidation in the cells [17,30,[49][50][51]. Assessing the release of intracellular LDH in cell, which resulted from the breakdown and alteration in the permeability of the plasma membrane, is one of marker for estimating cytotoxicity [30,46].…”