Graphene Quantum Dots‐based Electrochemical Biosensor for Catecholamine Neurotransmitters Detection

Abstract

An useful electrochemical sensing approach was developed for epinephrine (EP) detection based on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and laccase modified glassy carbon electrodes (GC). The miniature GC biosensor was designed and constructed via the immobilization of laccase in an electroactive layer of the electrode coated with carbon nanoparticles. This sensing arrangement utilized the catalytic oxidation of EP to epinephrine quinone. The detection process was based on the oxidation of catecholamine in the presence of the enzyme – laccase. With the optimized conditions, the analytical performance demonstrated a high degree of sensitivity −2.9 μA mM−1 cm−2, selectivity in a broad linear range (1–120×10−6 M) with detection limit of 83 nM. Moreover, the method was successfully applied for EP determination in labeled pharmacological samples.

Carbon and graphene quantum dots: a review on syntheses, characterization, biological and sensing applications for neurotransmitter determination

“…In addition, this technique has been substantially utilized for EP detection in the labeled pharmacological specimens. 146 Shadjou et al used the GQD-b-cyclodextrin modied GCE to detect L-Tyr as a novel nano sensor in 2018. The obtained the transfer coefficient (a) and electron transfer rate constant (k s ) were detected by CV while obtained results have been nearly equaled 8.0 s À1 and 0.7, respectively.…”

Ultrasensitive Electrochemical DNA Biosensor Fabrication by Coupling an Integral Multifunctional Zirconia-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Thionine Nanocomposite and Exonuclease I-Assisted Cleavage

“…Upon hybridization with the target DNA, the bioprobe-labeled nanomaterial or enzyme was then recognized for signal amplification. Until now, various nanomaterials such as noble metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotube, graphene, and semiconductor nanoparticles have been fully explored for biosensor fabrication (Swain et al, 2008 ; Wu et al, 2009 ; Nie et al, 2012 ; Benvidi et al, 2015 ; Jahanbani and Benvidi, 2016 ; Baluta et al, 2018 ; Yan et al, 2018 ; Yu et al, 2019 ). However, the careful and tedious modification, control, or labeling of biomolecules or reporters onto nanomaterials increases the assay complexity.…”

Advances in nanomaterial application in enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors: a review

“…They are rarely used in conventional electrochemical biosensors, however an amperometric biosensor was developed for the determination of epinephrine in pharmaceuticals based on laccase immobilized with graphene quantum dots on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. 117 The biosensor was characterized by a linear range of 1-120 mM and a LOD of 83 nM. High selectivity was demonstrated, no impact of interfering substances (ascorbic and uric acids, cysteine, glutathione, and tryptophan) on the biosensor response was revealed.…”