Graphite furnace AAS for biological materials

Slavin, Walter

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(88)90294-x

Cited by 33 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…(13) For the Detroit sample, the Detroit Medical Center University Laboratories performed lead assays by atomic absorption using a graphite furnace. (14) Previous analyses showed that measures of iron status did not relate to lead concentrations in these samples. (7–9)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Higher Infant Blood Lead Levels with Longer Duration of Breastfeeding

Lozoff

Jiménez

Wolf

et al. 2009

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To determine if longer breastfeeding is associated with higher infant lead concentrations. Study design Data were analyzed from 3 studies of developmental effects of iron deficiency in infancy: Costa Rica (1981–1984), Chile (1991–1996), and Detroit (2002–2003). Pearson product-moment or partial correlation coefficients assessed the relation between duration of breastfeeding and lead levels. Results Over 93% of Costa Rica and Chile samples was breastfed, n = 179 and 323 breastfed infants, respectively (mean weaning age, 8–10 months), as was 35.6% of the Detroit sample, n = 53 breastfed infants (mean weaning age, 4.5 months). Lead concentrations averaged 10.8 μg/dL (Costa Rica, 12–23 months), 7.8 μg/dL (Chile, 12 months), and 2.5 μg/dL (Detroit, 9–10 months). Duration of breastfeeding as sole milk source and total breastfeeding correlated with lead concentration in all samples (r values = .14 to .57, p values = .06 to <.0001). Conclusions Longer breastfeeding was associated with higher infant lead concentration in 3 countries, in 3 different decades, in settings differing in breastfeeding patterns, environmental lead sources, and infant lead levels. The results suggest that monitoring lead concentrations in breastfed infants be considered.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Higher Infant Blood Lead Levels with Longer Duration of Breastfeeding

Lozoff

Jiménez

Wolf

et al. 2009

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…The agreement between cell counters was 0.99 for the variables of interest. Lead was measured by atomic absorption using a graphite furnace [37]. ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT performed the FEP determinations; specimens were immediately wrapped in foil to prevent heme degradation by light and preserved at À208C until analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron status of inner‐city African‐American infants

et al. 2006

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The iron status of African-American infants continues to be subject to debate. We characterized the iron status of 198 9-month-old inner-city infants (94% fed iron-fortified formula) using a comprehensive panel of measures and assessing lead and inflammation markers. The proportion with iron deficiency was calculated based on three approaches (! ! ! ! 2 abnormal iron measures with or without anemia for MCV model-NHANES II, ferritin model-NHANES III, or Sweden/Honduras study) and a promising new measure-body iron, calculated from ferritin and transferrin receptor (TfR). There were no sex differences for any iron measure. Hb < 110 g/l was observed in 25%; Hb 105 g/l in 10.1%. Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) values were elevated without elevated lead concentrations or an inflammatory response: mean FEP = 86.6 lg/dl red blood cells [75.5 lmol/mol heme]; 52.3% were > 80 lg/dl (1.42 lmol/l), almost half of which were accompanied by a second abnormal iron measure. The estimated prevalence of iron deficiency was 14.4, 5.3, and 2.5% for the MCV model, ferritin model, and Sweden/Honduras cutoffs, respectively, and 4.1% for body iron < 0 mg/kg. Regulation of iron storage is immature at < 1 year of age, making estimates of iron deficiency that depend on ferritin, including body iron, suspect in this age period. Thus, the ''true'' prevalence of iron deficiency could not be established with confidence due to major differences in the results, depending on the guidelines used. Functional indicators of poor iron status in young infants are urgently needed. Am. J. Hematol. 82:112-121, 2007. V V C 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…The urine lead concentration (U-Pb) was determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using the same instrumentation. The diluted urine was transferred to the platform of the graphite tube with 0.16 mg NH4H2P04 and 0.016 mg Mg(NO,), as modifier (Slavin 1988). All results were calculated by the method of standard addition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Lead Poisoning Treated with Dimercaptosuccinic Acid

Grandjean¹,

Jacobsen

Jørgensen

1991

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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A 54-year-old male with chronic lead poisoning was treated with 2.3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). A daily dosage of 30 mg/kg body weight for three days and 20 mg/kg for four days resulted in a decrease of the blood-lead concentration (B-Pb) from 3.7 to 0.7 mumol/l; the total amount of lead excreted in the urine during the first seven 24 hr periods was 75 mumol. After the treatment, B-Pb slowly increased to 3.3 mumol/l. A second treatment was then initiated and resulted in similar changes in B-Pb. However, during the third treatment, the patient developed a mucocutaneous vesicular flare; the eruptions faded after cessation of the chelation therapy, but could be provoked by DMSA doses of 10 mg/kg and above. Despite the small number of treatment courses, the patient showed obvious mental improvement and reported less headache and improved memory. Thus, DMSA is an efficient chelator that results in a rapid, though temporary decrease in B-Pb. Although oral treatment with this chelator may be supervised from the out-patient clinic, careful monitoring for potential side effects is recommended.

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Graphite furnace AAS for biological materials

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Higher Infant Blood Lead Levels with Longer Duration of Breastfeeding

Higher Infant Blood Lead Levels with Longer Duration of Breastfeeding

Iron status of inner‐city African‐American infants

Chronic Lead Poisoning Treated with Dimercaptosuccinic Acid

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