Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) interferon regulatory factor 8 down-regulates interferon1 expression via interaction with interferon regulatory factor 2 in vitro

Chang, Kaile; Han, Kun; Qiu, Weihua; Hu, Zhizhen; Chen, Xingxing; Chen, Xin; Xie, Xiaofen; Wang, Shanghong; Hu, Chengyu; Mao, Huiling

doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2021.04.020

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In mammals, IRF4/6/8 are believed to locate largely in nucleus and partially in cytoplasm ( 6 , 22 , 25 ); however, contradictory results happen to fish. A study in seahorse ( Hippocampus abdominalis ) showed that IRF4/8 are constitutively expressed in nucleus and IRF6 in cytoplasm ( 44 ), but in grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ), IRF8 is reported to reside in both cytoplasm and nucleus ( 43 ). Unlike mammalian IRF4s ( 25 ), zebrafish IRF4 is previously believed to accumulate in nucleus ( 46 ), but in the present study, zebrafish IRF4b is mainly located in nucleus and partially in cytoplasm, which is consistent with mammalian IRF4s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promoter Binding and Nuclear Retention Features of Zebrafish IRF Family Members in IFN Response

Zhao

Gong

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) constitute a family of transcription factors that synchronize interferon (IFN) antiviral response through translocating to nucleus and binding to the promoters of IFN and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Fish contain 11 IRF members; however, whether or how fish IRF family genes function in IFN response remains limited. Herein, we determine the regulatory roles of 11 zebrafish IRF family members in IFN response relevant to their subcellular localization and promoter binding. Zebrafish IRF family members display three patterns of constitutive localization, only in nucleus (IRF1/2/9/11), only in cytoplasm (IRF3/5/7), and largely in nucleus with small amounts in cytoplasm (IRF4b/6/8/10). DNA pull-down assays confirm that all zebrafish IRF proteins are capable to bind fish IFN promoters, albeit to various degrees, thus regulating IFN gene transcription as activators (IRF1/3/5/6/7/8/9/11) or repressors (IRF2/4b/10). Further characterization of distinct IFN gene activation reveals that IRF1/3/5/6/7/8/9/11 efficiently stimulate zebrafish IFNφ1 expression, and IRF1/7/11 are responsible for zebrafish IFNφ3 expression. Two conserved basic residues within the helix α3 of DNA binding domains (DBDs) contribute to constitutive or inducible nuclear import for all zebrafish IRF family members and DNA binding for most members, thereby enabling them to function as transcription factors. Our results reveal a conserved and general mechanism that specifies zebrafish IRF family proteins to nuclear import and DNA binding, thereby regulating fish IFN response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like mammalian counterparts, fish IRF1/9 constitutively reside in nucleus ( 34 , 41 , 42 ). However, overexpression of fish IRF8 obtains inconsistent protein localization and function in different fish species ( 43 , 44 ). Similar phenomenon happens to mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoter Binding and Nuclear Retention Features of Zebrafish IRF Family Members in IFN Response

Zhao

Gong

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Establishment, Characterization and Expression Pattern of a Spleen Cell Line, SMSP, Derived from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Xue,

Liu,

et al. 2023

J. Ocean Univ. China

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The involvement of interferon regulatory factor 8 in regulating the proliferation of haemocytes in oyster Crassostrea gigas

Yu,

Qiao,

et al. 2024

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) interferon regulatory factor 8 down-regulates interferon1 expression via interaction with interferon regulatory factor 2 in vitro

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Promoter Binding and Nuclear Retention Features of Zebrafish IRF Family Members in IFN Response

Promoter Binding and Nuclear Retention Features of Zebrafish IRF Family Members in IFN Response

Establishment, Characterization and Expression Pattern of a Spleen Cell Line, SMSP, Derived from Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

The involvement of interferon regulatory factor 8 in regulating the proliferation of haemocytes in oyster Crassostrea gigas

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