Gravitational Waves: The Theorist’s Swiss Knife

Sakellariadou, Mairi

doi:10.3390/universe8020132

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The current LIGO observatories will be upgraded to LIGO Voyager to test the technologies for Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer, and be much more sensitive than the current detectors. Space detector LISA will observe much lower frequency GWs [12]. PTAs will be further developed to be more sensitive.…”

Section: Future Efforts Of Gw Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proof of electromagnetic induction by Faraday in 1831 and the establishment of electromagnetism by Maxwell in the 1860s ushered in the era of electromagnetic wave communication. The detection of GWs in the spatiotemporal background will deepen people's understanding of the universe, and scientific research will enter the era of gravitational wave astronomy [12].…”

Section: Significance Of Gw Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From theory to reality: The quest for gravitational waves

Chen

2023

TNS

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In 2015, the direct detection of the gravitational waves (GWs) produced by the acceleration of objects in spacetime verified one of the most significant predictions of the theory of general relativity (GR) raised by Albert Einstein almost a century ago. This detection was hailed as a century discovery and a perfect embrace of Einstein and GWs. Since then, gravitational-wave astronomy began to test the features of gravity, the characteristics of black holes, and GWs produced by two merging neutron stars were detected in 2017, which greatly pushed the development of astronomy. This article, beginning with the problems of Newtonian mechanics, reviews the process of Einsteins proposal of the special relativity theory and the formulation of the GR theory. It also covers how Einstein predicted the existence of GWs, the detection endeavours made by scientists, and how GWs were first directly detected 100 years after the prediction. It also presents the scientists current efforts, envisions their future explorations in this field, and analyses the significance of detecting gravitational waves.

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Section: Future Efforts Of Gw Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significance Of Gw Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From theory to reality: The quest for gravitational waves

Chen

2023

TNS

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“…As well as transient, individually resolvable signals such as these, one also expects a gravitational-wave background (GWB) due to the superposition of GWs produced by many weak, independent, and unresolved sources of cosmological or astrophysical origin [5][6][7][8][9]. Once detected, this background will provide interesting astrophysical information about the formation of black holes and neutron stars throughout cosmic time [10,11] and will potentially shed light on early universe cosmology and particle physics beyond the Standard Model [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted search for the kinematic dipole of the gravitational-wave background

et al. 2022

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There is growing interest in using current and future gravitational-wave interferometers to search for anisotropies in the gravitational-wave background. One guaranteed anisotropic signal is the kinematic dipole induced by our peculiar motion with respect to the cosmic rest frame, as measured in other full-sky observables such as the cosmic microwave background. Our prior knowledge of the amplitude and direction of this dipole is not explicitly accounted for in existing searches by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA but could provide crucial information to help disentangle the sources which contribute to the gravitationalwave background. Here, we develop a targeted search pipeline which uses this prior knowledge to enable unbiased and minimum-variance inference of the dipole magnitude. Our search generalizes existing methods to allow for a time-dependent signal model, which captures the annual modulation of the dipole due to the Earth's orbit. We validate our pipeline on mock data, demonstrating that neglecting this time dependence can bias the inferred dipole by as much as Oð10%Þ. We then run our analysis on the full LIGO/Virgo O1 þ O2 þ O3 dataset, obtaining upper limits on the dipole amplitude that are consistent with existing anisotropic search results.

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“…As well as transient, individually-resolvable signals such as these, one also expects a gravitational-wave background (GWB) due to the superposition of GWs produced by many weak, independent and unresolved sources of cosmological or astrophysical origin [5][6][7][8][9]. Once detected, this background will provide interesting astrophysical information about the formation of black holes and neutron stars throughout cosmic time [10,11], and will potentially shed light on early universe cosmology and particle physics beyond the Standard Model [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted search for the kinematic dipole of the gravitational-wave background

Chung¹,

Jenkins²,

Romano³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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There is growing interest in using current and future gravitational-wave interferometers to search for anisotropies in the gravitational-wave background. One guaranteed anisotropic signal is the kinematic dipole induced by our peculiar motion with respect to the cosmic rest frame, as measured in other full-sky observables such as the cosmic microwave background. Our prior knowledge of the amplitude and direction of this dipole is not explicitly accounted for in existing searches by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, but could provide crucial information to help disentangle the sources which contribute to the gravitational-wave background. Here we develop a targeted search pipeline which uses this prior knowledge to enable unbiased and minimum-variance inference of the dipole magnitude. Our search generalises existing methods to allow for a time-dependent signal model, which captures the annual modulation of the dipole due to the Earth's orbit. We validate our pipeline on mock data, demonstrating that neglecting this time dependence can bias the inferred dipole by as much as O(10%). We then run our analysis on the full LIGO/Virgo O1+O2+O3 dataset, obtaining upper limits on the dipole amplitude that are consistent with existing anisotropic search results.

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Gravitational Waves: The Theorist’s Swiss Knife

Cited by 7 publications

References 63 publications

From theory to reality: The quest for gravitational waves

From theory to reality: The quest for gravitational waves

Targeted search for the kinematic dipole of the gravitational-wave background

Targeted search for the kinematic dipole of the gravitational-wave background

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