Grazing by Karenia brevis on Synechococcus enhances its growth rate and may help to sustain blooms

Feeding by raphidophytes on the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp.

“…cells. As this experiment was conducted as a pilot experiment as part of a larger effort (Glibert et al 2009), these particular treatments were not replicated. All 15 N samples were processed using a Sercon mass spectrometer.…”

“…This method was used for H. akashiwo and C. ovata. The second method (Expt 4) was measuring ingestion rates using the 15 N isotope method as in Glibert et al (2009). This method was used for C. subsalsa.…”

“…Lastly, all ingestion rates were also corrected for the direct uptake of urea by the cultures by subtracting urea uptake rates estimated in parallel experiments as reported in Glibert et al (2009).…”

“…However, many mixotrophic dinoflagellates have recently been shown to feed on Synechococcus spp. (Jeong et al 2005a, Glibert et al 2009). Raphidophytes have been reported to often co-occur with Synechococcus spp.…”

Ecology of Gymnodinium aureolum. I. Feeding in western Korean waters

“…Mixotrophic species have been reported to consume a wide variety of prey items, including heterotrophic bacteria (Seong et al 2006), cyanobacteria (Jeong et al 2005b, Glibert et al 2009), nano-and microflagellates (Stoecker et al 1997, Li et al 2000, Berge et al 2008, other phototrophic dinoflagellates (Hansen & Nielsen 1997, Jeong et al 1999, 2005c,d, Skovgaard et al 2000, diatoms (Bockstahler & Coats 1993, Yoo et al 2009), and ciliates (Smalley et al 1999. The trophic mode of Gymnodinium aureolum (i.e.…”