Grazing Management Affects Establishment Performance of Rhizoma Peanut Strip Planted into Bahiagrass Pasture

Castillo, Miguel S.; Sollenberger, Lynn E.; Mullenix, Mary K; Blount, Ann R.; Williams, Melissa; Mackowiak, Cheryl L.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2015.02.0090

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In this study, the first six seasons up to the winter 2013, the brachiaria grass showed similar response as in monoculture. In those seasons, the forage peanut contributed a lower proportion in the botanical composition (Figure ) because it presents a slow establishment (Cassal, Garcia, & Monks, ; Castillo et al., ). From the spring of 2013, the forage peanut showed an increment in the botanical composition in canopies with lower light competition (10 and 20 cm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal defoliation management of brachiaria grass–forage peanut for balanced pasture establishment

Tamele

Sá

Bernardes

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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A well‐established canopy is crucial for a stable mixed grass–legume forage pasture. The aim of this study was to assess a defoliation intensity that can ensure the establishment of mixed pasture of brachiaria grass (Brachiaria brizantha) intercropped with forage peanut (Arachis pintoi). The treatments comprised four canopy heights: 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm, maintained throughout the first 3 years of pasture establishment. Canopy structure, morphogenetic and structural characteristics were measured. A block design was used with four replicates, and seasons of the year were considered using repeated measurements over time. Light interception during the experimental period was 86.3%, 95.9%, 97.6%, and 99.1% for 10, 20, 30 and 40 cm of defoliation respectively (p < .001). Competition for light in taller canopies (at 30 and 40 cm) caused etiolation of forage peanut (greater internode, petiolate and stolon lengths). This response promoted its upward growth, leading to a lower stolon density compared with 10 and 20 cm. The treatment at 10 cm displayed a predominance of forage peanut (up to 0.614), potentially compromising community stability. Overall, the 20 cm canopy height showed a desired botanical composition (from 0.20 to 0.45 of legume in forage mass) and thus was considered an ideal defoliation intensity for establishment of mixed canopies of brachiaria grass and forage peanut.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal defoliation management of brachiaria grass–forage peanut for balanced pasture establishment

Tamele

Sá

Bernardes

et al. 2017

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Rhizoma peanut has a high potential for increasing soil N supply and improving litter quality in C4 grass pastures (Cathey, Sinclair, & Mackowiak, 2013). It can be grown in monoculture for hay or in combination with perennial grasses for grazing systems (Castillo et al, 2015). Similar to many other legume species, RP largely relies on its rhizobium symbionts for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), which is a primary source of nitrogen (N) in agricultural systems Tg N annually, Herridge, Peoples, Boddey, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rhizoma peanut cultivars (Arachis glabrata Benth.) on the soil bacterial diversity and predicted function in nitrogen fixation

Wang

Hsu

Dubeux

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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There is a growing awareness of the importance of soil microorganisms in agricultural management practices. Currently, much less is known about whether different crop cultivar has an effect on the taxonomic structure and diversity, and specific functions of soil bacterial communities. Here, we examined the changes of the diversity and composition and enzyme‐encoding nitrogenase genes in a long‐term field experiment with seven different rhizoma peanut cultivars in southeastern USA, coupling high‐throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the sequence‐based function prediction with Tax4Fun. Of the 32 phyla detected (Proteobacteria class), 13 were dominant: Acidobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Gammaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes (relative abundance >1%). We found no evidence that the diversity and composition of bacterial communities were significantly different among different cultivars, but the abundance of some dominant bacterial groups that have N‐fixation potentials (at broad or fine taxonomic level) and predicted abundances of some enzyme‐encoding nitrogenase genes showed significant across‐cultivar differences. The nitrogenase genes were notably abundant in Florigraze and Latitude soils while remarkably lower in Arbook and UF_TITO soils when compared with other cultivars, indicating different nitrogen fixation potentials among different cultivars. The findings also suggest that the abundance of certain bacterial taxa and the specific function bacteria perform in ecosystems can have an inherent association. Our study is helpful to understand how microbiological responses and feedback to different plant genotypes through the variation in structure and function of their communities in the rhizosphere.

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“…In Brazil, we can highlight two forms of growth: crown former and stolon former. There is also legume rhizome‐former growth, such as Arachis glabrata with promising results in studies mainly in the south of the USA (Castillo et al., 2015; Dubeux, Blount, et al, 2017; Mullenix et al., 2016). However, A. glabrata is so far little used in Brazil.…”

Section: Forage Legume Management In Tropical Pasturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forage legumes in grass pastures in tropical Brazil and likely impacts on greenhouse gas emissions: A review

Boddey

Casagrande

Homem

et al. 2020

Grass and Forage Science

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Tropical forage legumes were first used on a wide scale, starting well before the 1950s in the northeasterly Australian state of Queensland (Shaw, 1961). The famous "Townsville Stylo" (Stylosanthes humilis Kunth) was introduced into thousands of ha of pastures in Queensland and made an important contribution to extensive beef production in northern Australia (Gardener, McCaskill, & McIvor, 1993; Humphreys, 1967). Many Brazilian students working on pastures and agronomy studied in Australia in the 1960s and 1970s and brought back the idea of using Stylosanthes spp. in Brazilian pastures. The Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia, starting in the 1970s, accumulated a large collection of forage legumes, listed today as 21,083 tropical legume accessions, including over 4,000 of the genus Stylosanthes alone (CIAT, 2019). A considerable effort was made to work with this germplasm in Brazil, mainly by Embrapa and CEPLAC. The first Stylosanthes materials tested were highly sensitive to the fungal disease anthracnose and resistant accessions had to be selected. In Brazil, two cultivars of Stylosanthes were released in 1983, Pioneiro and Bandeirantes, and while in trials their performance was satisfactory (Sousa, Andrade, & Thomas, 1983a, 1983b) there was

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Grazing Management Affects Establishment Performance of Rhizoma Peanut Strip Planted into Bahiagrass Pasture

Abstract: Abbreviations: RP, rhizoma peanut; RS-28, rotational stocking with a 28-day rest period; RS-42, rotational stocking with a 42-d rest period; Y1, year of planting; Y2, year after planting.

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Optimal defoliation management of brachiaria grass–forage peanut for balanced pasture establishment

Optimal defoliation management of brachiaria grass–forage peanut for balanced pasture establishment

Effects of rhizoma peanut cultivars (Arachis glabrata Benth.) on the soil bacterial diversity and predicted function in nitrogen fixation

Forage legumes in grass pastures in tropical Brazil and likely impacts on greenhouse gas emissions: A review

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