Green and Sustainable Cellular Base Stations: An Overview and Future Research Directions

Alsharif, Mohammed H.; Kim, Jeong; Kim, Jin Hong

doi:10.3390/en10050587

Cited by 83 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…6G will meet and fulfil many expectations, including the delivery of a high-energy performance, most especially from the perspective of pervasive utilization of the Internet-of-Things (IoTs) and with an eco-system of many minute sensors. Furthermore, extending the battery-recharge capacity of smartphones must be addressed, in line with the notion that their capabilities and abilities to deal with sophisticated multimedia signal processing leap in quantum rises as their power consumption increases [40]. Thus, low energy utilization and elongated battery charge life duration are two research topics in 6G to overcome the daily re-charging difficulties for most communication equipment and enhance communication needs.…”

Section: Energy-efficient Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sixth Generation (6G) Wireless Networks: Vision, Research Activities, Challenges and Potential Solutions

et al. 2020

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The standardization activities of the fifth generation communications are clearly over and deployment has commenced globally. To sustain the competitive edge of wireless networks, industrial and academia synergy have begun to conceptualize the next generation of wireless communication systems (namely, sixth generation, (6G)) aimed at laying the foundation for the stratification of the communication needs of the 2030s. In support of this vision, this study highlights the most promising lines of research from the recent literature in common directions for the 6G project. Its core contribution involves exploring the critical issues and key potential features of 6G communications, including: (i) vision and key features; (ii) challenges and potential solutions; and (iii) research activities. These controversial research topics were profoundly examined in relation to the motivation of their various sub-domains to achieve a precise, concrete, and concise conclusion. Thus, this article will contribute significantly to opening new horizons for future research directions.

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Section: Energy-efficient Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sixth Generation (6G) Wireless Networks: Vision, Research Activities, Challenges and Potential Solutions

et al. 2020

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“…Climate change, global warming, and increasing energy demands have motivated the Korean government to search for economically and environmentally clean energy options [1,2]. Besides, energy security is a key issue, especially in developed and fuel-importing countries, such as South Korea.…”

Section: Motivations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Series ARIMA Model for Prediction of Daily and Monthly Average Global Solar Radiation: The Case Study of Seoul, South Korea

2019

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Forecasting solar radiation has recently become the focus of numerous researchers due to the growing interest in green energy. This study aims to develop a seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model to predict the daily and monthly solar radiation in Seoul, South Korea based on the hourly solar radiation data obtained from the Korean Meteorological Administration over 37 years (1981–2017). The goodness of fit of the model was tested against standardized residuals, the autocorrelation function, and the partial autocorrelation function for residuals. Then, model performance was compared with Monte Carlo simulations by using root mean square errors and coefficient of determination (R2) for evaluation. In addition, forecasting was conducted by using the best models with historical data on average monthly and daily solar radiation. The contributions of this study can be summarized as follows: (i) a time series SARIMA model is implemented to forecast the daily and monthly solar radiation of Seoul, South Korea in consideration of the accuracy, suitability, adequacy, and timeliness of the collected data; (ii) the reliability, accuracy, suitability, and performance of the model are investigated relative to those of established tests, standardized residual, autocorrelation function (ACF), and partial autocorrelation function (PACF), and the results are compared with those forecasted by the Monte Carlo method; and (iii) the trend of monthly solar radiation in Seoul for the coming years is analyzed and compared on the basis of the solar radiation data obtained from KMS over 37 years. The results indicate that (1,1,2) the ARIMA model can be used to represent daily solar radiation, while the seasonal ARIMA (4,1,1) of 12 lags for both auto-regressive and moving average parts can be used to represent monthly solar radiation. According to the findings, the expected average monthly solar radiation ranges from 176 to 377 Wh/m2.

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“…By contrast, LCOE for conventional energy technologies coal-pc800 is US$ 77.66/MWh (US$ 0.078/kWh = 85.02 Won), coal-pc1000 is US$ 74.30/MWh (US$ 0.074/kWh = 80.66 Won), and combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) is US$ 121.82/MWh (US$ 0.122/kWh = 132.98 Won). Despite the sustained decrease in the costs of solar energy over the last few years, LCOE of solar energy technology is still higher compared with conventional technologies for electricity generation [39,40]. The main reason for the significant increase in LCOE of solar energy technology is the large variations in capital costs.…”

Section: A Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges of Solar and Wind Energy in South Korea: A Review

Alsharif

Kim

2018

Sustainability

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South Korea is the ninth biggest energy consumer and the seventh biggest carbon dioxide emitter in global energy consumption since 2016. Accordingly, the Korean government currently faces a twofold significant challenge to improve energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. One of the most promising solutions to achieve the goals of sustainable development, energy security, and environmental protection is intensifying the role of renewable energy in electricity production. To this end, the Korean government plans to increase investments in the green energy field, where solar and wind energy will soon play a decisive role toward meeting energy demands and achieving a climate-friendly environment. In this context, this study discusses the future of solar and wind energy in South Korea in four key aspects: (i) opportunities and potential achievement of the vision of government; (ii) potential daily energy output across different geographical areas; (iii) current status and prospects; and (iv) challenges and potential solutions.

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Green and Sustainable Cellular Base Stations: An Overview and Future Research Directions

Cited by 83 publications

References 98 publications

Sixth Generation (6G) Wireless Networks: Vision, Research Activities, Challenges and Potential Solutions

Sixth Generation (6G) Wireless Networks: Vision, Research Activities, Challenges and Potential Solutions

Time Series ARIMA Model for Prediction of Daily and Monthly Average Global Solar Radiation: The Case Study of Seoul, South Korea

Opportunities and Challenges of Solar and Wind Energy in South Korea: A Review

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