Green biomass derived porous carbon materials for electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs)

Sk, Mahasin Alam; Pradhan, Prachi; Patra, Biplab K.; Guria, Amit K.

doi:10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101582

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…Pyrolysis carbonization of lignin includes several parallel or consecutive steps which are the superposition of primary mechanisms (char formation, depolymerization, and fragmentation) and secondary mechanisms (cracking and/or recombination). ,, AC properties are highly dependent on pyrolysis conditions such as activating agent, temperature and holding time, heating rate, and inert atmosphere flow rates. Therefore, to obtain reproducible N-AC material with desired characteristics, the pyrolysis conditions were optimized or selected based on published works.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characterization results of N-AC clearly indicate that nitrogen is incorporated into the porous carbon structure. There are possible pathways of lignin pyrolysis; ,, here, the nitrogen doping and carbonization of kraft lignin are proposed in Figure . Urea has the ability to break hydrogen bonds within the lignin macromolecule (between hydroxyl groups as donors and carbonyl and ether groups as acceptors) and form new hydrogen bonds between carbonyl oxygen in urea and hydroxyl hydrogen on lignin .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…65 Adding to the complexity the lignin matrix is simultaneously undergoing pyrolysis. 10,43,44 CO 2 Capture. Considering the high pyridinic content (approximately 1.15 mmol g −1 ) and microporous nature of N-AC, the prepared material was tested for CO 2 capture at two temperatures, 20 and 25 °C, under atmospheric pressure (1 bar).…”

Section: Theoretical Models For Adsorption Fitting Adsorption Kinetic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Analyzing the chemical composition of these raw materials, referred to as lignocellulosic biomass, reveals three primary components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. 10 Cellulose and hemicellulose generally yield lower carbon content during carbonization, resulting in lower yields. In contrast, the inherently aromatic nature of lignin provides a higher carbon content, leading to increased yields during the carbonization process.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant-based biomass and byproducts from crops and wood industries (and various others) have attracted attention as potential sources for AC production . Analyzing the chemical composition of these raw materials, referred to as lignocellulosic biomass, reveals three primary components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin . Cellulose and hemicellulose generally yield lower carbon content during carbonization, resulting in lower yields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kraft Lignin-Derived Microporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Adsorbent for Air and Water Purification

Tkachenko,

Nikolaichuk,

Fihurka

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The study presents a streamlined one-step process for producing highly porous, metal-free, N-doped activated carbon (N-AC) for CO2 capture and herbicide removal from simulated industrially polluted and real environmental systems. N-AC was prepared from kraft lignina carbon-rich and abundant byproduct of the pulp industry, using nitric acid as the activator and urea as the N-dopant. The reported carbonization process under a nitrogen atmosphere renders a product with a high yield of 30% even at high temperatures up to 800 °C. N-AC exhibited a substantial high N content (4–5%), the presence of aliphatic and phenolic OH groups, and a notable absence of carboxylic groups, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Boehm’s titration. Porosity analysis indicated that micropores constituted the majority of the pore structure, with 86% of pores having diameters less than 0.6 nm. According to BET adsorption analysis, the developed porous structure of N-AC boasted a substantial specific surface area of 1000 m2 g–1. N-AC proved to be a promising adsorbent for air and water purification. Specifically, N-AC exhibited a strong affinity for CO2, with an adsorption capacity of 1.4 mmol g–1 at 0.15 bar and 20 °C, and it demonstrated the highest selectivity over N2 from the simulated flue gas system (27.3 mmol g–1 for 15:85 v/v CO2/N2 at 20 °C) among all previously reported nitrogen-doped AC materials from kraft lignin. Moreover, N-AC displayed excellent reusability and efficient CO2 release, maintaining an adsorption capacity of 3.1 mmol g–1 (at 1 bar and 25 °C) over 10 consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, confirming N-AC as a useful material for CO2 storage and utilization. The unique cationic nature of N-AC enhanced the adsorption of herbicides in neutral and weakly basic environments, which is relevant for real waters. It exhibited an impressive adsorption capacity for the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at 96 ± 6 mg g–1 under pH 6 and 25 °C according to the Langmuir–Freundlich model. Notably, N-AC preserves its high adsorption capacity toward 2,4-D from simulated groundwater and runoff from tomato greenhouse, while performance in real samples from Fyris river in Uppsala, Sweden, causes a decrease of only 4–5%. Owing to the one-step process, high yield, annual abundance of kraft lignin, and use of environmentally friendly activating agents, N-AC has substantial potential for large-scale industrial applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Models For Adsorption Fitting Adsorption Kinetic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kraft Lignin-Derived Microporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Adsorbent for Air and Water Purification

Tkachenko,

Nikolaichuk,

Fihurka

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Large‐Scale Production and Integrated Application of Micro‐Supercapacitors

Xie,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Chemistry A European J

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Micro‐supercapacitors, emerging as promising micro‐energy storage devices, have attracted significant attention due to their unique features. This comprehensive review focuses on two key aspects: the scalable fabrication of MSCs and their diverse applications. The review begins by elucidating the energy storage mechanisms and guiding principles for designing high‐performance devices. It subsequently explores recent advancements in scalable fabrication techniques for electrode materials and micro‐nano fabrication processes for micro‐devices. The discussion encompasses critical application domains, including multifunctional MSCs, energy storage integration, integrated power generation, and integrated applications. Despite notable progress, there are still some challenges such as large‐scale production of electrode material, well‐controlled fabrication technology, and scalable integrated manufacture. The summary concludes by emphasizing the need for future research to enhance micro‐supercapacitor performance, reduce production costs, achieve large‐scale production, and explore synergies with other energy storage technologies. This collective effort aims to propel MSCs from laboratory innovation to market viability, providing robust energy storage solutions for MEMS and portable electronics.

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Hydrothermally synthesized CuNiS@CNTs composite electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors and non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor

Imran,

Qasam,

Safdar

et al. 2024

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Green biomass derived porous carbon materials for electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs)

Cited by 20 publications

References 220 publications

Kraft Lignin-Derived Microporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Adsorbent for Air and Water Purification

Kraft Lignin-Derived Microporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Adsorbent for Air and Water Purification

Large‐Scale Production and Integrated Application of Micro‐Supercapacitors

Hydrothermally synthesized CuNiS@CNTs composite electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors and non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor

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