Green Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Sesbania grandiflora Leaf Extract and Their Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic, Cytotoxic, Anti-Microbial, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties in an In-Vitro Approach

Abstract

Green methods of synthesizing nanoparticles are safer than chemical and physical methods, as well as being eco-friendly and cost-efficient. In this study, we use copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) fabricated with Sesbania grandiflora (Sg) (Hummingbird tree) leaves to test the effectiveness of green synthesizing methods. The attained Sg-CuO NPs physical and optical nature is characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy Differential Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). UV-Vis spectrum for Sg-CuO NPs revealed a peak at 410 nm. SEM images showed the aggregation of needle-shaped particles, at a size of 33 nm. The amylase and glucosidase enzymes were inhibited by the Sg-CuO NPs up to 76.7% and 72.1%, respectively, indicating a possible antihyperglycemic effect. Fabricated Sg-CuO NPs disclosed the excellent inhibition of DPPH-free radicle formation (89.7%) and repressed protein degradation (81.3%). The results showed that Sg-CuO NPs display good anti-bacterial activity against the gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus). Cytotoxicity of the Sg-CuO NPs was determined using anIC50 of 37 μg/mL. Sg-CuO NPs have shown promising anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, protein degradation-inhibiting, and anti-microbial properties. Our findings have shown that synthesized Sg-CuO NPs have biological activities that may be utilized to treat bacterial infections linked to hyperglycemia.

Padina boergesenii-Mediated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis, with Their Antibacterial and Anticancer Potential

“…More than 93% of a cell’s growth was effectively inhibited by 100 μg/mL of copper nanoparticles. Similar to this, Ramasubbu et al [ 55 ] showed that treatment of HepG2 cells with copper nanoparticles has anticancer effects.…”

“…The growth of E. coli was observed to be inhibited by Sg-CuO nanoparticles at doses of 100 and 125 µg, resulting in the formation of zones of inhibition with diameters measuring 10 ± 1.21 mm and 14 ± 1.39 mm, respectively. The results indicated a significant difference (17 0.46 mm) in favor of the treatment being compared to streptomycin [ 55 ]. The efficacy of copper nanoparticles derived from N. cataria as bactericidal agents.…”

Green synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, and antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles derived from Morinda citrifolia leaf extract

“…2 A. The calculated band gap energy from the UV–visible absorption spectrum is 1.006 eV 56 , 57 . The decrease in particle size has been triggered with a shift in absorption towards smaller wavelengths.…”

The Development of a Method for Obtaining Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. Herb Extract Enriched with Flavonoids and an Evaluation of Its Biological Activity

“…The degree of sensitivity of microorganisms to the test samples was determined by the size of the zone of no growth of microorganisms. Microbiological studies were carried out in laminar, pre-irradiated with a UV lamp for sterilization before sowing test cultures on nutrient media [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”