Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots as an effective fluorescence probe for morin detection

Abstract

A green microwave method using glycine and urea as precursors was developed to synthesize carbon dots (CDs). The CDs can be used as an effective fluorescence probe with high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of morin based on the fluorescence quenching of CDs.

Green synthesis of carbon dots and their applications

“…Despite these benets, the entry point of microwave synthesis can be considerably more expensive as specialized equipment is needed. However, regular household microwaves have been used 15,16 with the trade-off of having less control over the synthesis parameters. Liu et al 15 conducted a rapid, low-energy microwave synthesis at 800 W for 3 min; this rapid reaction time (60-240Â faster than hydrothermal synthesis) highlights the increased heating efficiency of microwaves.…”

“…However, regular household microwaves have been used 15,16 with the trade-off of having less control over the synthesis parameters. Liu et al 15 conducted a rapid, low-energy microwave synthesis at 800 W for 3 min; this rapid reaction time (60-240Â faster than hydrothermal synthesis) highlights the increased heating efficiency of microwaves. Unlike hydrothermal synthesis that relies on conductive heat transfer, microwaves allow for direct and selective heating via resonance with the vibrational frequencies of molecules.…”

Carbon Dots: An Innovative Tool for Drug Delivery in Brain Tumors

“…The difference between C-dots and graphene quantum dots is, instead, mainly linked to their morphology, the first being spherical particles, while the second are better described as zero-dimensional graphene disks [65]. The synthetic strategies leading to the production of C-dots can be broadly divided into top-down and bottom-up approaches (Table 1) [66,67]: the former includes the fragmentation of starting carbonaceous materials using physical or chemical methods (e.g., electrochemical synthesis [68][69][70][71][72][73], chemical oxidation [74][75][76][77][78][79], arc discharge [61,[80][81][82], and laser ablation [62,[83][84][85][86]); the latter starts from molecular precursors and consists, among others, of ultrasound [87][88][89] and hydrothermal [90][91][92][93][94][95] treatments, microwave-assisted synthesis [96][97][98][99][100][101], and pyrolysis or carbonization of the reactants [102][103][104]…”

Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots—Synthesis, Functionalization and Sensing Application in Food Analysis

“…In the bottom-up approach, the energy of microwave, hydrothermal and ultrasound is usually applied to aggregate small organic molecules or oligomer precursors to synthesize nanometer-sized CQDs [59,60]. Under the environment of high radiation, high heat and high frequency, the generated CQDs can be equipped with both high QY and excellent optical properties.…”