At present, natural resources are very limited and inadequate for increasing global population along with uncontrollable environmental pollution. The development of advanced eco-friendly technology and pollution free environment is very necessary for the current situation. Nanotechnology is playing a vital role in the development of "cleaner" environment and "greener" technologies for sustainable livelihood and environment. Nanotechnology is involved in many sectors like pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food, energy, environment, cosmetics, electronics, chemicals, and so on. There are many consumer products containing nanomaterials available in the market for ready use by human beings. Hence, human exposure to nanomaterials is possible to occur during processing at occupational level and personal usage at consumer level. At present, nanotechnology is a promising tool as it has high performance and is cost-effective in