Green Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles of Iron Oxide Using Aqueous Extracts of Lemon Peel Waste and Its Application in Anti-Corrosive Coatings

Abstract

Lately, the development of green chemistry methods with high efficiency for metal nanoparticle synthesis has become a primary focus among researchers. The main goal is to find an eco-friendly technique for the production of nanoparticles. Ferro- and ferrimagnetic materials such as magnetite (Fe3O4) exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at a nanometric scale. Magnetic nanoparticles have been gaining increasing interest in nanoscience and nanotechnology. This interest is attributed to their physicochemical properties, particle size, and low toxicity. The present work aims to synthesize magnetite nanoparticles in a single step using extracts of green lemon Citrus Aurantifolia residues. The results produced nanoparticles of smaller size using a method that is friendlier to health and the environment, is more profitable, and can be applied in anticorrosive coatings. The green synthesis was carried out by a co-precipitation method under variable temperature conditions. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) characterization showed that magnetite nanoparticles were successfully obtained with a very narrow particle size distribution between 3 and 10 nm. A composite was produced with the nanoparticles and graphene to be used as a surface coating on steel. In addition, the coating’s anticorrosive behavior was evaluated through electrochemical techniques. The surface coating obtained showed good anticorrosive properties and resistance to abrasion.

Sustainable Nanomagnetism: Investigating the Influence of Green Synthesis and pH on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Biomedical Applications

“…In addition to the factors discussed above, it is noteworthy to mention that the reduced saturation magnetization ( M s ) of iron oxide nanoparticles compared with bulk Fe 3 O 4 (93 emu/g) can be attributed to several additional factors [ 49 ]. Firstly, the presence of a non-magnetic layer on the surface of the nanoparticles, commonly referred to as a “dead magnetic layer”, contributes to the lower M s .…”

Synergistic Antioxidant and Preservative Potential of Tomato Extract–Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Bio-Coating and Food Applications

“…To validate the formation of TEx-MIONPs, various advanced techniques have been employed [41,42]. XRD patterns, acquired using a Bruker D8 Advance A25 diffractometer with a Cu anode (manufactured by Bruker, sourced from Madrid, Spain), were analyzed to affirm the crystalline phase and crystal systems.…”

“…XRD patterns, acquired using a Bruker D8 Advance A25 diffractometer with a Cu anode (manufactured by Bruker, sourced from Madrid, Spain), were analyzed to affirm the crystalline phase and crystal systems. Additionally, these patterns were employed to calculate the size and degree of crystallinity of the TEx-MIONPs, following the methodology outlined in a previous study [41,42]. The diffractograms were conducted within the range of 2θ = 15-70 • .…”

Agro-Waste Sweet Pepper Extract-Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Antioxidant Enrichment and Sustainable Nanopackaging

“…Microorganisms and enzymes provide specific and controlled synthesis but may face challenges related to slower reaction rates and optimization [ 31 ]. The synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles through green methods holds particular importance due to their versatile phase, size control, and functional properties [ 32 ]. These nanoparticles find applications in drug delivery, hyperthermia treatment, and environmental remediation, showcasing their significance in both biomedical and environmental fields [ 19 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”