Green Synthesis of Mg0.99 Zn0.01O Nanoparticles for the Fabrication of κ-Carrageenan/NaCMC Hydrogel in order to Deliver Catechin

Abstract

Currently, the role of the nanoparticles in the structure of the composites and their benefits for the health of the body is valuable. In this study, the effects of the doping on the structural and morphological properties of the hydrogels using a Mg co-doped ZnO hydrogel, which has been fabricated by the sol-gel process, have been investigated. Then, a hydrogel containing nanoparticle and a hydrogel without any nanoparticles was produced as a control. The hydrogels were loaded with catechin and the related characterization was evolved based on the new structure of the matrices. The Mg 0.99 Zn 0.01 O nanoparticles were synthesized using a green synthesis method. To investigate the properties of the nanoparticles, zeta potential and XRD were studied. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), FTIR, TGA, swelling Ratio, and compression tests were investigated for the hydrogels. Based on the results, FESEM showed a more compressed structure for hydrogels including nanoparticles rather than the hydrogels without a nanoparticle. The TGA showed a higher decomposition temperature in the hydrogels including nanoparticles. The swelling ratio of hydrogels containing a nanoparticle was higher than the control hydrogel. κ-Carrageenan/ Mg 0.99 Zn 0.01 O/NaCMC/Catechin had the highest swelling ratio (44.15%) rather than the κ-Carrageenan/NaCMC (33.22%). Mg 0.99 Zn 0.01 O nanoparticles presented a stronger structure of hydrogels in the compression test. It is concluded that the role of the synthesized nanoparticle is critical in the structure of the hydrogel.Polymers 2020, 12, 861 2 of 15 property of inhibiting free radicals and acts as a biological antioxidant [4]. Biological properties of tea like the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, and anti-mutagenic properties are related to catechins. They naturally have demonstrated potential in both treatment and prevention and a wide range of diseases including cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson's disease, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease [5]. In addition to the direct effects of antioxidants of catechins, they can indirectly increase the body's androgenic antioxidants [6]. In a research study, mice who received the extracted green tea have shown the increased levels of intrinsic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, reductase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase [7].Nanoparticles are particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter [8]. Nanomaterials can easily cross cellular barriers compared to larger particles and move to a cell or organ due to their special properties [9]. Pure hydrogels have a low mechanical strength. To optimize the thermal, mechanical, optical, and chemical properties of hydrogels, it is necessary to use-nanoparticle-loaded hydrogels. Nanoparticle-loaded hydrogels present many benefits in drug delivery such as improvement of bioavailability and efficacy and safety of the drugs (catechin) by providing targeted delivery of drugs, and or extending drug in the target tissue. Based on the methodology of nanoparticles prepa...

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