Green Synthesis of Water-Compatible Fluorescent Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Nanoparticles for Efficient Detection of Paracetamol

Abstract

In this work, one-pot green synthesis of a novel kind of water-compatible fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticle for selective optosensing of paracetamol was developed via macromolecular assembly of an amphiphilic fluorescent copolymer and in situ photo-cross-linking. Amphiphilic photo-cross-linkable and fluorescent copolymers containing carbazole groups were synthesized and could coassemble with paracetamol (PCM, template molecule) and photoinitiator in aqueous solution. The obtained photo-cross-linkable fluorescent nanoparticles were then cross-linked triggered by UV-irradiation, generating the hydrophilic and fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (FMIP nanoparticles) in aqueous media. The whole procedure was carried out at mild working condition, which is facile, green, and energy-saving. The resulting FMIP nanoparticles showed high selectivity toward PCM and obvious fluorescence quenching, induced by template-binding, in water and were a kind of efficient fluorescent chemosensor for the sensing of PCM. A wide linear range over PCM concentration from 4 to 1000 μM with a detection limit of 1.0 μM has been demonstrated using FMIP nanoparticles as chemosensor. Moreover, a rapid response of less than 2 min has been demonstrated. Finally, such a chemosensor based on FMIP nanoparticles was also successfully employed for the detection of PCM in commercial PCM tablets as well as urine samples.

Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Antiquorum Sensing, Antimotility, and Antioxidant Activities of Green Fabricated Ag, Cu, TiO2, ZnO, and Fe3O4 NPs via Protoparmeliopsis muralis Lichen Aqueous Extract against Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria

“…Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. A green synthesis method is preferred to physical or chemical methods because of the important advantages of using eco-friendly (nontoxic) substances and its low cost of synthesis . In green synthesis, plants, lichens, bacteria, fungi, and algae organisms can be used as reducing or stabilizing agents for MNP/MONP synthesis .…”

“…A green synthesis method is preferred to physical or chemical methods because of the important advantages of using eco-friendly (nontoxic) substances and its low cost of synthesis. 22 In green synthesis, plants, lichens, bacteria, fungi, and algae organisms can be used as reducing or stabilizing agents for MNP/MONP synthesis. 23 In contrast to plant, bacteria, algae, and fungi, lichen extract applications in MNPs/MONPs synthesis are largely unknown.…”

Nanomaterials‐Based Surface Protein Imprinted Polymers: Synthesis and Medical Applications

“…[ 116,117 ] Nevertheless, previously reported fluorescence sensors based on MIPs have been widely used in the detection of small molecular targets, while there are few reports that fluorescence sensors are applied to detect biological macromolecules such as proteins. [ 118 ] In view of the unique advantages of borate affinity in the preparation of glycoprotein MIPs, if the borate affinity is combined with the self‐assembly of macromolecules, new fluorescent MIPs with water compatibility and high selectivity to glycoproteins can be prepared. Wang et al.…”

Recent Advances and Perspectives of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Fluorescent Sensors in Food and Environment Analysis

“…Figure 2 presents the preparation process of MIFs based on embedding fluorescent materials into MIPs [45]. MIFs are highly selective, highly sensitive, specific, and stable compared to conventional sensors [46], and have been widely used to detect many kinds of pollutants [47,48,49,50,51].…”