Greenhouse Gases and Food Security in Low-Income Countries

Rosen, Stacey L.; Shapouri, Shahla; Darwin, Roy

doi:10.1201/9781420028614.ch4

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Nutritional impairment has been found to result in the compromise of several innate and adaptive pathways of the immune system (25)(26)(27)(28). Mainly, protein restriction is an issue in those vulnerable populations with limited access to more expensive food components (14). Together, on the basis of our data and previous studies, we propose that nutritional status could, at least partially, contribute to the asymmetrical prevalence of CZS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Malnutrition is considered one of the most critical causes of immunodeficiency worldwide (12), as it can substantially increase a host's susceptibility to an infection and amplify pathogenesis severity (13). An insufficient intake of protein can be a form of undernutrition and is a widespread problem in low-income populations, which have limited access to more expensive food components (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital Zika syndrome is associated with maternal protein malnutrition

et al. 2020

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Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is associated with a spectrum of developmental impairments known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). The prevalence of this syndrome varies across ZIKV endemic regions, suggesting that its occurrence could depend on cofactors. Here, we evaluate the relevance of protein malnutrition for the emergence of CZS. Epidemiological data from the ZIKV outbreak in the Americas suggest a relationship between undernutrition and cases of microcephaly. To experimentally examine this relationship, we use immunocompetent pregnant mice, which were subjected to protein malnutrition and infected with a Brazilian ZIKV strain. We found that the combination of protein restriction and ZIKV infection leads to severe alterations of placental structure and embryonic body growth, with offspring displaying a reduction in neurogenesis and postnatal brain size. RNA-seq analysis reveals gene expression deregulation required for brain development in infected low-protein progeny. These results suggest that maternal protein malnutrition increases susceptibility to CZS.

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