Greenland-wide inventory of ice marginal lakes using a multi-method approach

How, Penelope; Messerli, Alexandra; Mätzler, Eva; Santoro, Maurizio; Wiesmann, Andreas; Caduff, Rafael; Langley, Kirsty; Bojesen, Mikkel Høegh; Paul, Frank; Kääb, Andreas; Carrivick, Jonathan L.

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83509-1

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Of the regions for which inventories of glacial lakes have been carried out, Greenland is located closest to Svalbard. Based on remote sensing data, How et al (2021) show a continuous increase in the number of glacial lakes throughout Greenland, which is similar to the trend in the inventory of glacial lakes in Svalbard. In Greenland, the east coast has the largest number of glacial lakes (How et al, 2021), which is in line with our study showing the largest number of lakes on the west coast.…”

Section: Temporal Changes Of Glacial Lakessupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Based on remote sensing data, How et al (2021) show a continuous increase in the number of glacial lakes throughout Greenland, which is similar to the trend in the inventory of glacial lakes in Svalbard. In Greenland, the east coast has the largest number of glacial lakes (How et al, 2021), which is in line with our study showing the largest number of lakes on the west coast. The number of glacial lakes formed may be influenced by the local milder climatic conditions related to the direct influence of the warm sea currentthe Gulf Stream (Pavlov et al, 2013).…”

Section: Temporal Changes Of Glacial Lakessupporting

confidence: 66%

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Inventory and classification of the post Little Ice Age glacial lakes in Svalbard

Wieczorek

Stachnik

Yde

2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Rapid changes of glacial lakes are among the most visible indicators of global warming in glacierized areas around the world. The general trend is that the area and number of glacial lakes increase significantly in high mountain areas and polar latitudes. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the current state of glacial lakes in the High Arctic. This study aims to address this issue by providing the first glacial lake inventory from Svalbard, with focus on the genesis and evolution of glacial lakes since the end of the Little Ice Age. We use aerial photographs and topographic data from 1936 to 2012 and satellite imagery from 2013 to 2020. The inventory includes the development of 566 glacial lakes (total area of 145.91 km2) that were in direct contact with glaciers in 2008–2012. From the 1990s to the end of the 2000s, the total glacial lake area increased by nearly a factor of six. A decrease in the number of lakes between 2012 and 2020 is related to two main processes: the drainage of 197 lakes and the merger of smaller reservoirs into larger ones. The changes of glacial lakes show how climate change in the High Arctic affect proglacial geomorphology by enhanced formation of glacial lakes, leading to higher risks associated with glacier lake outburst floods in Svalbard.

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Section: Temporal Changes Of Glacial Lakessupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Temporal Changes Of Glacial Lakessupporting

confidence: 66%

Inventory and classification of the post Little Ice Age glacial lakes in Svalbard

Wieczorek

Stachnik

Yde

2022

Preprint

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“…Tools for imaging geodesy, include Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), and pixel offset tracking (POT), and so on. The space-based InSAR has become a routine remote sensing technology to image the Earth because it can provide full-weather and full-time measurements with large scale coverage, high resolution, and high accuracy, resulting in its use in glacier environment [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. LiDAR is another remote sensing method that uses actively dissipate LASER (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) pulses to locate the positions of targets [36], which can provide a high-accuracy digital elevation model (DEM) and 3D displacement with point cloud data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Lake Ice Movement on Lake Khovsgol, Mongolia, Revealed by Time Series Displacements from Pixel Offset with Sentinel-2 Optical Images

Zhang

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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As one of the most sensitive indicators of global climate change, seasonal ice-covered lakes are attracting gaining attention worldwide. As a large seasonal ice-covered lake located in Northern Mongolia, Lake Khovsgol not only provides important freshwater resources for the local population but also serves as a means of water transportation in summer and an important land-based activity for residents in winter. In this study, we used the sub-pixel offset technique with multi-temporal Sentinel-2 optical images to estimate the time-series displacement of lake ice in Lake Khovsgol from 7 December 2020 to 17 June 2021. With the processing of 112 Sentinel-2 images, we obtained 27 pairs of displacement results at intervals of 5, 10, and 15 days. These lake ice movement results covered three stages from ice-on to ice-off. The first stage was the lake ice growth period, which lasted 26 days from 7 December 2020 to 3 January 2021. Ice formation started from the south and extended northward, with a displacement of up to 10 m in 5 days. The second stage was the active phase of the ice cover, which took place from 3 January 2021 to 18 April 2021. Maximum displacement values reached 12 m in the east and 11 m in the north among all observations. The value of the lake ice movement in the north–south direction (NS) was found to be larger than in the east–west direction (EW). The third stage was the melting period, which closed on 17 June 2021. In comparison to the freezing date of November in past years, our results demonstrate the ice-on date of Lake Khovsgol has been delayed to December, suggesting a possible reason that the seasonal ice-covered lake located at the middle latitude has been affected by global warming. In addition, the lake ice movement of our results can reveal the regional climate characteristic. This study is one of the few cases to reveal the distribution characteristics and changing trends of lake ice on the Mongolia Plateau, providing a rare reference for lake ice research in this region.

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“…Globally there are also over 14,000 lakes situated on mountain glaciers, covering 8,950 km 2 (Shugar et al, 2020). Coastal Greenland has 3,347 lakes within 1 km of the ice sheet margin totaling ∼3,000 km 2 (at 4 lakes or 3,600,000 m 2 observable area per 100 km 2 ) (How et al, 2021). Instrumenting a small subset of these many lakes could narrow the range of predicted Greenland SMB, and hence the future rate of sea level rise, by allowing unrealistic ensemble model outputs to be culled and by providing calibration of the climate-model physics needed to improve their predictions.…”

Section: Recent Advances In Measuring Snowfall and Glacier Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Data Gaps in Our Knowledge of the Terrestrial Cryosphere

Pritchard

2021

Front. Clim.

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The IPCC Special Report on Oceans and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate identified major gaps in our knowledge of snow and glacier ice in the terrestrial cryosphere. These gaps are limiting our ability to predict the future of the energy and water balance of the Earth's surface, which in turn affect regional climate, biodiversity and biomass, the freezing and thawing of permafrost, the seasonal supply of water for one sixth of the global population, the rate of global sea level rise and the risk of riverine and coastal flooding. Snow and ice are highly susceptible to climate change but although their spatial extents are routinely monitored, the fundamental property of their water content is remarkably poorly observed. Specifically, there is a profound lack of basic but problematic observations of the amount of water supplied by snowfall and of the volume of water stored in glaciers. As a result, the climatological precipitation of the mountain cryosphere is, for example, biassed low by 50–100%, and biases in the volume of glacier ice are unknown but are likely to be large. More and better basic observations of snow and ice water content are urgently needed to constrain climate models of the cryosphere, and this requires a transformation in the capabilities of snow-monitoring and glacier-surveying instruments. I describe new solutions to this long-standing problem that if deployed widely could achieve this transformation.

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Greenland-wide inventory of ice marginal lakes using a multi-method approach

Cited by 48 publications

References 61 publications

Inventory and classification of the post Little Ice Age glacial lakes in Svalbard

Inventory and classification of the post Little Ice Age glacial lakes in Svalbard

Dynamic Lake Ice Movement on Lake Khovsgol, Mongolia, Revealed by Time Series Displacements from Pixel Offset with Sentinel-2 Optical Images

Global Data Gaps in Our Knowledge of the Terrestrial Cryosphere

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