“…By definition, systems with fully known, partially known, and fully unknown information are referred to as white, gray, and black systems, respectively (Deng, 1982; Deng, 1989; Kuo et al, 2008; Verma and Pandey, 2018). The gray theory was proposed by Deng (Deng, 1982; Deng, 1989), which included gray relational analysis (GRA).…”