Greywater reuse in residential schools in Madhya Pradesh, India—A case study of cost–benefit analysis

Godfrey, Sam; Labhasetwar, Pawan; Wate, S. R.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.01.001

Cited by 94 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, there are different methodologies for the economic valuation of environmental externalities related to wastewater issues. This is consistent with results obtained by a study of Godfrey et al (2009). They applied a CBA to estimate a greywater reuse system in India.…”

Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 90%

Quantifying the Costs and Benefits of Coastal Water Quality Improvements in the Ko Chang Marine National Park, Thailand

Piriyapada

Wang

2014

Environ. Process.

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The water quality in Ko Chang Marine National Park coast has been problematic for many years. Recently, a conservation plan has been made by the local government for protecting the ocean beaches by constructing a sewage treatment plant in the region. This study uses the contingent valuation method (CVM) to measure the benefits associated with the proposal of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), followed by conducting cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in order to justify the feasibility of the public fund appropriation by the government fiscal policy, such as taxes. A completed questionnaire survey of 300 randomly clustered households was analyzed. Household willingness to pay (WTP) was estimated using Tobit models. The results indicate that the mean WTP for the proposed wastewater treatment project is $73.36 per household per year, translating into an aggregate monetary benefit of $298,774 per year for the local community. Additionally, the CBA result shows that the net present value (NPV) of the project attains $465,162.48 per year, internal rate of return (IRR) reaches 9.14 %, and benefit-cost ratio (B/C) ends up with 2.21 with all those intangible benefits excluded from the calculation. Therefore, the proposed wastewater treatment plant project is economically profitable.

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Section: Literature Reviewsupporting

confidence: 90%

Quantifying the Costs and Benefits of Coastal Water Quality Improvements in the Ko Chang Marine National Park, Thailand

Piriyapada

Wang

2014

Environ. Process.

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“…Additionally, the source of water used by water tankers is usually unknown and is often thought to be of inferior quality. [7] Filtration, sedimentation, disinfection Spain 14 [23] Rotating biological contactors Israel 6.4-15 [29] Filtration, sedimentation, aeration, disinfection India 2 [30] Constructed wetland Syria 3-7 [31] Fixed bed reactor, UV Brazil 5 Figure 1: Location of the study area.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Onsite Graywater Reclamation Towards Alleviating Water Shortages at the Household Level

Najm¹,

Hasan²,

Alameddine³

et al. 2017

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Population growth and development, coupled with potential climate change impacts, are invariably associated with chronic water shortages particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, we evaluate the potential of using onsite graywater reclamation systems towards alleviating water shortages. For this purpose, we developed and administered a field questionnaire to assess the socioeconomic feasibility and public willingness towards the installation of such systems at the household level. Overall, 66% of the surveyed population approved of graywater reuse as compared to 48% who reported willingness to reuse wastewater. The results showed that acceptance of graywater reuse was a function of environmental awareness, household ownership, the age of the respondent, and access to alternative water sources. While graywater reuse can reduce water demand, its economic viability was found to be contingent on reforming the existing public water tariff structure. Under existing water use rates, the payback period for retrofitting a residence with a graywater reclamation system exceeded 30 years but went down to 9-12 years after accounting for water procurement from outside the network. The study concludes with a SWOT analysis and a management framework to integrate graywater reclamation as a source of water to supplement existing sources and help alleviate water shortages.

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“…These small-scale services did account for a small portion of water reuse market but the trend continued to grow constantly (Godfreya et al, 2009) …”

Section: Water-reuse Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mini-review on the impacts of climate change on wastewater reclamation and reuse

Ngo

Guo

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

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To tackle current water insecurity concerns, wastewater reclamation and reuse has appeared as a promising candidate to conserve the valuable fresh water sources whilst increasing the efficiency of material utilization. The climate change, nevertheless, poses both opportunities and threats to the wastewater reclamation industry. Whereas it elevates the social perception on water-related issues and fosters an emerging water-reuse market, the climate change simultaneously presents adverse impacts on the water reclamation scheme, either directly or indirectly. These effects were studied fragmentally in separate realms. Hence, this paper aims to link these studies for providing a thorough understanding about the consequences of the climate change on the wastewater reclamation and reuse. It initially summarizes contemporary treatment processes and their reuse purposes before carrying out a systematic analysis of available findings.

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Greywater reuse in residential schools in Madhya Pradesh, India—A case study of cost–benefit analysis

Cited by 94 publications

References 5 publications

Quantifying the Costs and Benefits of Coastal Water Quality Improvements in the Ko Chang Marine National Park, Thailand

Quantifying the Costs and Benefits of Coastal Water Quality Improvements in the Ko Chang Marine National Park, Thailand

Onsite Graywater Reclamation Towards Alleviating Water Shortages at the Household Level

A mini-review on the impacts of climate change on wastewater reclamation and reuse

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