Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal (Asteraceae) in Chernivtsi Region (Ukraine)

Abstract

Resultsof research on chorological, ecological and coenotic characteristics of an alien species of North American origin -Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal (Asteraceae)in Chernivtsi region (Ukraine) are presented. The species was found in the region in three associations of synanthropic vegetation, such as the Convolvulo-Agropyretum repentis Felföldy 1943 and Ambrosio artemisiifoliae-Grindelietum squarrosae Smetana, Derpoluk, Krasоva 1997 of the class Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer et al. in Tx. ex von Rochow 1951, Lolio-Plantaginetum majoris (Linkola 1921) Beger of the class Polygono-Poеtea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975 and association of Setario pumilae-Echinochloetum cruris-galli Felföldy 1942 corr. Mucina in Mucina et al. 1993 of the class Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris Mucina, Lososová et Šilc in Mucina et al. 2016). The indices of main edaphic and climatic factors for the species were determined for the first time. According to the main climatic indices, such as thermo-, ombro-, and cryoregime, the species G. squarrosa is characterized by stenotopic amplitude and belongs to submezotherms, subaridophytes, and hemicryophytes. The map of distribution of the species in the region is presented

First observation of true vivipary in Grindelia squarrosa (Asteraceae)

“…McDonough (1975) evidenced that G. squarrosa plants emerging in the fall overwinter and acting as winter annuals complete their life cycle during the next growing season and these plants are derived largely from disc achenes. In Ukraine, G. squarrosa is a biennial or rarely an annual plant (Tokaryuk et al 2018). During our field surveys in Brzegi, we also found seedlings of G. squarrosa under maternal clusters of ramets.…”

“…According to Tokaryuk et al (2018) and Shevera et al (2019), G. squarrosa is a polychorous species that can be dispersed by wind, animals, water, and humans (agestochory). However, the structure of the pappus bristles (Jinjolia and Shakarishvili 2014) does not allow the plant to spread by wind over long distances.…”

“…So far, invasion of G. squarrosa has been observed in Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine (Shevera et al 2019). Outside of its native range, G. squarrosa is found mostly in ruderal places, along roadside verges and railway embankments, as well as along the banks of rivers (Sîrbu and Oprea 2008;Vladimirov and Petrova 2012;Jinjolia and Shakarishvili 2014;Tilley and Pickett 2016;Tokaryuk et al 2018). This plant is well adapted to disturbed areas with low precipitation, high elevation, low nutrient, and large variations in temperature (Tilley and Pickett 2016;Tokaryuk et al 2018;Shevera et al 2019).…”

Giant hogweeds (Heracleum mantegazzianum and H. sosnowskyi) in Ukraine: distribution, ecological and coenotical features

“…The analysis of the current distribution of both H. mantegazzianum and H. sosnowskyi in Ukraine was based on geobotanical studies, herbarium collections of the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany and Chernivtsi National University, literature sources (Lukash and Zavyalova, 2003;Burda, 2007;Lukash, 2007;Bagatska, 2008;Naumov et al, 2009;Vykhor and Prots, 2012;Tokaryuk et al, 2012;Protopopova et al, 2015;Mykhalyuk et al, 2017;Grygus et al, 2018;Pashkevych, 2018;Tokaryuk et al, 2018;Khomyak et al, 2019;Oitsius et al, 2020;Koniakin, 2020, 2021;Dubyna et al, 2021;Lyubinska and Matvieiev, 2021;Korsun, 2022;Koniakin et al, 2022Koniakin et al, , 2023Records of alien..., 2023) and internet resources -UkrBIN (https://ukrbin.com), INaturalist (https://www.inaturalist. org).…”

“…Communities with the participation of giant hogweeds have been recorded in Latvia (Laiviņš & Gavrilova, 2003), Lithuania (Gudžinskas et al, 2015), Poland (Sobisz, 2007), Hungary (Kovács, 2003), Germany (Thiele and Otte, 2006), Czech Republic (Pergl et al, 2012) and other countries. Publications of Ukrainian researchers contain basic information on their distribution in different regions, in particular, mixed forests (Lukash and Zavyalova, 2003;Lukash, 2007;Protopopova et al, 2015;Khomyak et al, 2019;Grygus et al, 2018;Oitsius et al, 2020), broadleaved forests (Mykhalyuk et al, 2017;Korsun, 2022); forest-steppe part (Burda, 2007;Bagatska, 2008;Koniakin, 2020, 2021;Koniakin et al, 2023), the Ukrainian Carpathians (Simpson et al, 2011;Vykhor and Prots, 2012;Koynova and Shtoyko, 2015;Didukh et al, 2016;Tokaryuk et al, 2018;Pashkevych, 2018) and Crimea (Naumov et al, 2009).…”