Gross and Histological Study of Coronary Sinus and Its Clinical Relevance

Abstract

The coronary sinus is important in many electrophysiological procedures including arrhythmia ablation, biventricular pacing and for deployment of an array of cardiac devices. The advent of advanced invasive and interventional cardiac treatment and management tools for common disorders like heart failure has made understanding of CS anatomy necessary. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe study has been conducted in fifty normal hearts available. Length of CS was measured. CS ostium and the Thebesian valve were exposed and measurements taken. Histological study of CS was done. RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe presence of myocardial fibres in the wall of CS and their arrangement in the form of circular, longitudinal and tangentially arranged fibres may have regulating function on the flow of blood in the CS. The connection of the muscle fasciculi with the left and the right atrium may have selective role in the conduction and act as an accessory pathway.In the present study the average length of the CS was 30 mm; in the majority (96.0%) the CS ostium was oval. In most of the cases (84.0%) CS ostium was guarded by thebesian valve, which was semilunar in shape (74%). The valve covered variable area of the ostium.