Groundwater Hydrogeochemical Processes and the Connectivity of Multilayer Aquifers in a Coal Mine with Karst Collapse Columns

Hai-tao, Zhang; Xu, Guoce; Chen, Xiaoqing; Mabaire, Anesu; Zhou, Jian; Zhang, Yanxi; Zhang, Gang; Zhu, Liang

doi:10.1007/s10230-020-00667-w

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In order to accurately identify the Ordovician paleokarst formation stages in the Huai-Fu Basin, the HCA method was utilized based on the carbon and oxygen isotopes and minor elements Ba, Mn, and Sr. Using the Ward method and Euclidean distance 35 , 36 , HCA yielded the optimum four groups based on the phenon line of 2.0 (Fig. 9 ): Group A includes 5 CM and 3 Fs, Group B consists of 17 Fs, Group C has only 6 Fs, Group D includes 17 Fs, the samples of each group are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation environments and mechanisms of multistage paleokarst of Ordovician carbonates in Southern North China Basin

Zhang

Liu³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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With the reduction of oil and gas reserves and the increase of mining difficulty in Northern China, the carbonate rocks in Southern North China Basin are becoming a significant exploration target for carbonate reservoirs. However, the development characteristics, formation stages, formation environments and mechanisms of the carbonate reservoirs in Southern North China Basin are still unclear, which caused the failures of many oil and gas exploration wells. This study focused on addressing this unsolved issue from the Ordovician carbonate paleokarst in the Huai-Fu Basin, which is located in the southeast of Southern North China Basin and one of the key areas for oil and gas exploration. Based on petrology, mineralogy and geochemical data, pore types, distribution characteristics, and formation stages of the Ordovician paleokarst were analyzed. Then, in attempt to define the origins of porosity development, the formation environments and mechanisms were illustrated. The results of this study showed that pore types of the Ordovician carbonates in the Huai-Fu Basin are mainly composed of intragranular pores, intercrystalline (intergranular) pores, dissolution pores (vugs), fractures, channels, and caves, which are usually in fault and fold zones and paleoweathering crust. Furthermore, five stages and five formation environments of the Ordovician paleokarst were identified. Syngenetic karst, eogenetic karst, and paleoweathering crust karst were all developed in a relatively open near-surface environment, and their formations are mainly related to meteoric water dissolution. Mesogenetic karst was developed in a closed buried environment, and its formation is mainly related to the diagenesis of organic matters and thermochemical sulfate reduction in the Permian-Carboniferous strata. Hydrothermal (water) karst was developed in a deep-buried and high-temperature environment, where hydrothermal fluids (waters) migrated upward through structures such as faults and fractures to dissolve carbonate rocks and simultaneously deposited hydrothermal minerals and calcites. Lastly, a paleokarst evolution model, combined with the related porosity evolution processes, nicely revealed the Ordovician carbonate reservoir development. This study provides insights and guidance for further oil and gas exploration in the Southern North China Basin, and also advances our understanding of the genesis of carbonate paleokarst around the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation environments and mechanisms of multistage paleokarst of Ordovician carbonates in Southern North China Basin

Zhang

Liu³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…These results indicate calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate of the groundwater is primarily derived from the dissolution of carbonate and the weathering of silicate. PCA provides the most significant principal components with minimum loss of original information (Zhang et al 2020). In this study, PCA with varimax rotation and Eigenvalues .1 were applied.…”

Section: Source Of Solute Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In and around the study region, owing to the abundant mineral resources, coal, coalbed methane, and refractory clay have been mined for several decades. Many studies have focused on the rivers, collapse pond, and in-rush aquifers of the coalmines with respect to hydrochemical composition and water quality assessment (Sun & Gui 2015;Ma et al 2017;Qian et al 2018;Zhang et al 2020). A detailed study on the hydrochemical characteristics, evolution of solute components, and the safety evaluation for irrigation purpose of the groundwater has rarely been reported in such a traditional agricultural production base.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater quality appraisal for irrigation uses in the Lan-gan region, Northern Anhui Province, East China

Song

Ding

et al. 2021

Water Supply

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Lan-gan region, one of traditional agricultural production base in northern Anhui Province, East China, has rare hydrochemical reports on the formation mechanism and irrigation assessment of the Quaternary deeper confined groundwater aquifer. To better master hydrochemical characteristics, solute source, and irrigation properties, twenty-five water samples were collected from the individual digging well. Gibbs diagram, Piper diagram, ionic ratio, and multivariate statistical analysis were carried out to delineate the hydrochemical facies and water-rock interactions. Meanwhile, the USSL and Wilcox diagram, and the irrigation water quality indices were conducted to illustrate the suitability for irrigation. The results indicate that the order is Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ >K+ and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− for cations and anions, respectively. Ca-HCO3 is the main hydrochemical type. Water-rock interactions include silicate weathering, carbonate dissolution, halite dissolution and sulfate dissolution. Based on EC value, the majority of the samples are permissible for irrigation, whereas only 12% of the samples were found good for irrigation. The RSC, SAR, and %Na, combined with Wilcox diagram and USSL diagram, demonstrate that the groundwater samples are permissible for irrigation purpose.

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“…Numerous published literature have reported abundant and significant researches on the hydraulic connectivity between groundwater and surface water (King et al 2014;Keshavarzi et al 2017;Shakhane & Fourie 2019). Specially, a large number of studies have covered the hydraulic connectivity between different groundwater aquifers, with different lithology and formation ages, to identify the source of waterinrush in coal mines (Qian et al 2016;Chen et al 2019;Yang et al 2020;Zhang et al 2020).…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characteristics, hydraulic connectivity and water quality assessment of multilayer aquifers in Western Suzhou City, Northern Anhui Province, China

Song

Feng

et al. 2021

Water Supply

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The present study focuses on the shallow phreatic aquifer (SA) and the upper confined aquifer (CA) developed in Cenozoic loose strata, which are the major regional groundwater resources for drinking, irrigation, industry and other water-related activities. Seven samples from SA and seventeen samples from CA were analyzed to depict the hydrochemical characteristics, categorize the hydrochemical facies, evaluate the hydraulic connectivity, and appraise the drinking water and irrigation water quality. The abundance of cations is Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ and the anions is HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− in both aquifers, respectively. Groundwater chemistry is controlled by water-rock interactions such as halite dissolution, ion exchange, reverse ion exchange, silicate weathering, and followed by the dissolution of Glauber's salt. The low connectivity and moderate connectivity between these two aquifers has engendered. The majority of the ion concentrations are within the limit for drinking, only one sample from the shallow aquifer are greater than the limit of 250 mg/L, a total of 29% from the shallow unconfined aquifer and 14% from the confined aquifer were not within the limit of 250 mg/L. The sodium absorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and soluble sodium percentage (%Na) values reveal that all the samples are appropriate for irrigation uses. The the US salinity laboratory (USSL) diagram shows that sixteen CA samples and all the SA samples fall in the C3S1 zone, implying high salinity hazard and low alkalinity hazard.

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Groundwater Hydrogeochemical Processes and the Connectivity of Multilayer Aquifers in a Coal Mine with Karst Collapse Columns

Cited by 41 publications

References 45 publications

Formation environments and mechanisms of multistage paleokarst of Ordovician carbonates in Southern North China Basin

Formation environments and mechanisms of multistage paleokarst of Ordovician carbonates in Southern North China Basin

Hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater quality appraisal for irrigation uses in the Lan-gan region, Northern Anhui Province, East China

Hydrochemical characteristics, hydraulic connectivity and water quality assessment of multilayer aquifers in Western Suzhou City, Northern Anhui Province, China

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