Groundwater of Egypt: “an environmental overview”

Tahlawi, M. R. El; Farrag, A.A.; Ahmed, Sakir

doi:10.1007/s00254-007-1014-1

Cited by 76 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Since construction of the High Dam, growing population, economic growth and agricultural expansion lead to extensive water consumption and increasing water demand. Moreover, climate change and degradation of groundwater quality imposed more challenges on future water demand (El Tahlawi et al 2008;Ahmed 2009Ahmed , 2013El-Nahry and Doluschitz 2010;Ahmed and Ali 2011;Elwaseif et al 2012;McCarl et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water use at Luxor, Egypt: consumption analysis and future demand forecasting

2013

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Water resources in Egypt are becoming scarce and the demand for clean drinking water supply is one of the most important priorities of the Egyptian government in recent years. Analyzing water use and future demand forecasting is a primitive clue for water demand management. Water in Luxor is used for agricultural, residential, institutional, commercial, and touristic purposes. The results of water use analysis indicated that for the time period from 1983 to 2012, agriculture is the highest consumer of water which reached about 94.76-97.38 % followed by residential water consumption (1.90-3.05 %), institutional water consumption (0.71-1.75 %), and touristic water consumption (0.02-0.43 %), respectively. The future demand forecasting results revealed that the present situation may continue to rise in the next 50 years which will increase the water demand with a water deficit ranging between 15 and 114 MCM/year. To fill the gap between the present water consumption and future residential, institutional, commercial, and touristic water demand, additional municipal facilities, and improvement and management of water supply/demand are needed. To cope with the predicted future water demand, it is recommended to improve the on-farm irrigation, reduce the demand for irrigation water, rationalize the irrigation water use, and enhance the integrated role of water users in integrated water resources management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water use at Luxor, Egypt: consumption analysis and future demand forecasting

2013

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“…, 1978) 4. Hydrogeology Many studies have been done and focused on the hydrogeological setting of the study area (Senosy 1988, Abdalla 1995, Farrage et al, 1996, Abu El-Ela et al, 1997, El Tahlawi et al, 2008, Tawfik, 2011and Abd-Allatief et al, 2012. They concluded that:…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Study for sustainable development in Wadi El-Mathula, East Qift city, Eastern Desert, Egypt

2020

Int. J. Environ.

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is one of the promising basins in Upper Egypt. Rain fall, River Nile and return irrigation water represent the main recharging sources for groundwater aquifers in particular Quaternary water bearing. The hydrogeological data of the main aquifers, namely Quaternary and Nubian sandstone water bearing formations were discussed. The Quaternary aquifer occupying delta of Wadi El-Mathula, where it represented by 18 samples has a salinity ranges from fresh (6% of samples) to brackish water (55%) then saline water (39%) showing an increase due east towards the new reclaimed and desert lands, where the values vary from 1320 mg/l to 10622 mg/l with mean value 5381 mg/l. In the Nubian sandstone aquifer (represented by 6 samples) all the groundwater samples are brackish water where the salinity ranges from 1836 to 2682 mg/l with a mean value of 2072 mg/l. Chloride-Sodium water type is considered the main water type where it characterized the majority (67%) of the Quaternary groundwater samples and the majority of Nubian groundwater samples (83%). Calcite and Dolomite dissolution beside the dissolution of halite are the main hydrochemical processes affecting groundwater quality. The chemical types and hypothetical salts as well as the ion ratios indicate meteoric origin for groundwater and dissolution of terrestrial salts. Hydrogeochemical model (PHREEQC 2.8) was used to calculate saturation indices of minerals to the Quaternary and the Nubian sandstone aquifers. The results indicated that the groundwater in the two aquifers is undersaturated with respect to Gypsum and Anhydrite indicating the capacity of groundwater for more mineral dissolution. All samples of the Nubian sandstone and the most samples of the Quaternary groundwater are supersaturated with reference to Calcite, Aragonite and Dolomite. The results of the environmental stable isotopes indicated that the groundwater in study area is discriminated into two distinctive groups. Group (I) belonging to the deep flowing well in Laqita area (Nubian aquifer) and group (II) of samples is enriched in their isotopic compositions (Quaternary aquifer). The investigated groundwater is not suitable for drinking purposes. Only 28% of the Quaternary groundwater samples are considered very satisfactory for all classes of livestock and poultry. On the other hand, all the groundwater samples of the Nubian sandstone aquifer are considered very satisfactory for all classes of livestock and poultry. About 5% of the Quaternary groundwater samples are Intermediate quality for irrigation. In addition the majority of the Nubian sandstone groundwater samples (67%) are moderate water quality for irrigation and 17% of the groundwater samples in the same aquifer are Intermediate quality

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“…The thickness of the Nile Delta aquifer varies between 100 m and 1000 m, with a thickness decreasing southwards to the city of Cairo (Figure 4). The areal extent of this aquifer is about 12,000 km2 (Shahin, 1987;Idris and Nour, 1990;Dawoud, 2004;El Tahlawi et al, 2008). Present recharge to the aquifer is mainly through infiltration from the irrigation canals and from the excess irrigation water and the Nile River (Idris and Nour, 1990;Geirnaert and Laeven, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…irrigation and rainfall) (Khater, 2002;Dawoud, 2004;Abdel Moneim, 2005) besides recharge from the Nile River. The upper portion of the fractured limestone is dotted by at least 200 springs, with a total flow of about 73 x 106 m3/y (El Tahlawi et al, 2008). Based on the recharge and aquifer extent, the estimated total storage in this aquifer is in the order of 25 x 1012 m3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater as a Viable Resource Under Climate Change in the Nile Basin: A Rapid Hydrogeological Assessment

Abiye

M'mayi

2014

South African Journal of Geology

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The storage of groundwater in the Nile Basin has been assessed in order to inform its potential role in community development and sustainable growth in the basin, whpre hydropolitics is critical among upstream and downstream countries. It is a well-known fact that water management activities in the basin focus on the surface water resources, with less or no attention to the groundwater, while the majority of urban and rural communities rely on groundwater for day-to-day activities. The results show that downstream countries (Egypt and Sudan) have considerable groundwater storage as a result of favourable geological formations (sedimentary rocks), while upstream countries (Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Burundi and Rwanda) are underlain by crystalline basement and volcanic rocks with low groundwater productivity. The available groundwater in the shallow and deep (transboundary) aquifers requires holistic development and management by stakeholders across the borders in order to sustainably adapt to changing climate in the basin and shift the dependence pattern on the Nile River for water supply.

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Groundwater of Egypt: “an environmental overview”

Cited by 76 publications

References 4 publications

Water use at Luxor, Egypt: consumption analysis and future demand forecasting

Water use at Luxor, Egypt: consumption analysis and future demand forecasting

Hydrogeochemical Study for sustainable development in Wadi El-Mathula, East Qift city, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Groundwater as a Viable Resource Under Climate Change in the Nile Basin: A Rapid Hydrogeological Assessment

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