Groundwater quality assessment for domestic and agricultural purposes in Yan’an City, northwest China: implications to sustainable groundwater quality management on the Loess Plateau

Li, Peiyue; He, Song; Yang, Ningning; Xiang, Gang

doi:10.1007/s12665-018-7968-3

Cited by 182 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Arid and semi-arid climatic environments are undergoing a growing surface water deficit across the world [2][3][4]. Hence, groundwater is considered as a major alternative viable resource in these environments [5,6]. The Middle East, an arid to semi-arid region, is the most water-scarce zone in the world, with most of its countries falling under the international water poverty index set by the United Nations [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of the Shatt Al-Arab Basin

2020

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Rapid population growth has raised the groundwater resources demand for socio-economic development in the Shatt Al-Arab basin. The sustainable management of groundwater resources requires precise quantitative evaluation, which can be achieved by applying scientific principles and modern techniques. An integrated concept has been used in the current study to identify the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the Shatt Al-Arab basin using remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). For this purpose, nine groundwater occurrence and movement controlling parameters (i.e., lithology, rainfall, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, soil, land use/land cover, distance to river, and lineament density) were prepared and transformed into raster data using ArcGIS software. These nine parameters (thematic layers) were allocated weights proportional to their importance. Furthermore, the hierarchical ranking was conducted using a pairwise comparison matrix of the AHP in order to estimate the final normalized weights of these layers. We used the overlay weighted sum technique to integrate the layers for the creation of the GWPZs map of the study area. The map has been categorized into five zones (viz., very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor) representing 4, 51, 35, 9, and 1% of the study area, respectively. Finally, for assessing the effectiveness of the model, the GWPZs map was validated using depth to groundwater data for 99 wells distributed over the basin. The validation results confirm that the applied approach provides significantly solid results that can help in perspective planning and sustainable utilization of the groundwater resources in this water-stressed region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of the Shatt Al-Arab Basin

2020

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“…Groundwater has become the major source of freshwater supply for many uses such as domestic, irrigation, industrial and ecosystem support across the world [12,22,33,41], and this is especially true in coastal areas where the water demand is high because of the increasing population and agricultural activities. Groundwater is important for the Heuningnes community who requires it for domestic usage and irrigation purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical characteristics and evaluation of groundwater quality for domestic and irrigation purposes: a case study of the Heuningnes Catchment, Western Cape Province, South Africa

Mokoena

Donker

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Knowing the quality of water is imperative if the water is meant for drinking or agricultural purposes. The spatial and temporal groundwater quality in the Heuningnes Catchment was investigated, and its appropriateness for irrigation and drinking purposes was considered. Thirty-one samples were collected and analysed for physical (pH, EC, TDS) and chemical (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 − , Cl − , SO 4 2−) parameters. Maps demonstrating the spatial and temporal distribution of groundwater quality were constructed using Geographical Information System software. These maps indicate variations in the concentration of various water quality parameters in the region. Groundwater in the region is mostly alkaline and is categorised as either fresh, brackish or saline based on TDS classification. Using Piper diagrams, it is shown that Na +-Cl − water type is the main water type in the area. The quality is mostly influenced by chemical weathering of rockforming minerals. Over 50% of groundwater in the region is not fit for drinking purposes as established from WHO (2011) and SANS241 criteria. Following SAR criteria, looking at Na%, PI, MH, KR and salinity hazard for irrigation assessment, it was discovered that shallow groundwater in the region was not fit for irrigation purposes. However, groundwater from deeper boreholes proved otherwise. The study has shown that not all-available groundwater is suitable for either drinking or irrigation. Therefore, it recommends to plant crop varieties that are highly salinity tolerant, as treating the water prior to irrigation would not be economically viable, and it also recommends further exploration to make the available 50% of groundwater drinkable and to make the shallow groundwater fit for irrigation.

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“…Percentage of groundwater data with increasing and decreasing trends was presented in Table 2. Among water quality parameters, T, EC, Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 − , and Cl − had dominating percentages for the increasing trends while, for pH, Eh, Na + , K + , SO 4 2− , and NO 3 − , a decreasing trend dominated over the increasing trend. The countrywide spatial distribution of temporal trend (linear regression slope results) of groundwater quality parameters is given in Figure 5.…”

Section: Temporal Trend Of Groundwater Qualitymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Chemical fertilizers normally used in the croplands in 2016 were: nitrogen (55%), potassium (25%), and phosphorus (20%) fertilizers [39]. NO 3 − from the applied nitrogen fertilizers can infiltrate from agricultural soil to groundwater with precipitation and irrigation water, causing groundwater NO 3 − contamination [17]. The NO 3 − contamination has potential to pose a health risk to children, when used for drinking purpose.…”

Section: Fertilizers Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The groundwater chemistry is controlled mostly by chemical weathering, evapotranspiration, anthropogenic interferences, and precipitation [2]. The study on chemical characteristics of groundwater has wide implications for managing water quality, as it enables understanding the chemical composition of groundwater and suggest appropriate management plans [3,4]. The groundwater quality is affected particularly by agricultural activities, industrial and domestic sewage, and seawater intrusion in coastal areas [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend of Nationwide Groundwater Quality in Korea

et al. 2020

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Factors controlling the spatial distribution and temporal trend of groundwater quality at a national scale are important to investigate for sustaining livelihood and ecological balance. This study evaluated groundwater quality data for 12 parameters (n = 6405 for each parameter), collected from 97 groundwater monitoring stations (=289 monitoring wells) for ten years. Spatial distribution of groundwater quality parameters varied through the regional scale. Six parameters: T, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3−, and Cl− were having dominant increasing trend, remaining pH, Eh, Na+, K+, SO42−, and NO3− showed a dominant decreasing trend over time. Among land use types, the upland fields had the highest mean of groundwater NO3− (22.2 mg/L), confirming plenty of application of fertilizers (5–10 kg/a more than standard) to upland fields. Means of groundwater Cl− and Na+ (705.3 and 298.4 mg/L, respectively) in the residential areas are greater than those in other land use types by 408–685.9, 154.3–274.2 mg/L, respectively. Agricultural activities were the main controlling factor of groundwater NO3− contamination in rural areas, domestic activities were responsible for groundwater Cl− and Na+ in urban areas, and seawater intrusion was controlling groundwater Cl− in coastal areas (within 10 km from sea). Groundwater hydrochemistry was controlled by the mechanism of geogenic rock and evaporation dominance. The rock dominance mechanism indicated that groundwater was interacting with rocks and resulted in groundwater chemistry. The findings of this study showed that groundwater was mainly contaminated by anthropogenic factors in some rural and residential areas. Effective measures by government authorities are needed to improve the groundwater quality.

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Groundwater quality assessment for domestic and agricultural purposes in Yan’an City, northwest China: implications to sustainable groundwater quality management on the Loess Plateau

Cited by 182 publications

References 74 publications

Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of the Shatt Al-Arab Basin

Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of the Shatt Al-Arab Basin

Hydrogeochemical characteristics and evaluation of groundwater quality for domestic and irrigation purposes: a case study of the Heuningnes Catchment, Western Cape Province, South Africa

Factors Controlling the Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trend of Nationwide Groundwater Quality in Korea

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