Group 16SrXI phytoplasma strains, including subgroup 16SrXI-B and a new subgroup, 16SrXI-D, are associated with sugar cane white leaf

Zhang, Rongyue; Li, Wenfeng; Huang, Ying-Kun; Wang, Xiaoyan; Shan, Hongli; Luo, Zhi-Ming; Yin, Jiong

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.000712

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Phytoplasmas have been found associated with hundreds of plant diseases (Bertaccini, 2007; Firrao, Garciachapa, & Marzachi, 2007; Maejima, Oshima, & Namba, 2014). Phytoplasmas of different subgroups infecting same plant species have been widely reported, for example the occurrence of 16SrXI‐B and ‐D on sugar cane (Zhang et al., 2016), or several subgroups of 16SrII infect cactus (Cai, Wei, Davis, Chen, & Zhao, 2008). Besides, mixed infection of different groups was observed as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campsisgrandiflora as a new host species harbouring two novel 16SrI subgroups of phytoplasmas

Sun

Zhang

2020

Forest Pathology

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In September 2019, two diseased plants of Campsis grandiflora showing the main symptom of witches' ‐broom (CgWB) were found in a nursery garden in Yangling, Shaanxi province, China. Partial 16S ribosomal RNA (F2nR2 region) and ribosomal protein (rp) genes of phytoplasmas were generated from the symptomatic plants by PCR amplification, and phytoplasma bodies were observed in the sieve tube elements of the CgWB samples under a transmission electron microscope, indicating phytoplasma infection in the two CgWB plants. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the F2nR2 region and similarity coefficient results suggested that the two associated phytoplasmas belong to two novel subgroups of 16SrI (aster yellows) group, designated as AK and AL. On the reconstructed phylogenetic trees based on F2nR2 regions and rp genes of phytoplasmas, respectively, the CgWB‐associated phytoplasmas clustered together with members of 16SrI subgroups. This was the first record of phytoplasmas infecting C. grandiflora worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campsisgrandiflora as a new host species harbouring two novel 16SrI subgroups of phytoplasmas

Sun

Zhang

2020

Forest Pathology

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“…Che et al (2009) first discovered the existence of 16SrV phytoplasma in naturally infected periwinkle. Zhang et al (2016) analyzed SCWL phytoplasmas in Yunnan, which showed that SCWL is caused by phytoplasmas from group 16SrXI, including subgroup 16SrXI-B and a new subgroup, 16SrXI-D.…”

Section: Phytoplasma Diseases Distribution and Diversity Infecting Di...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diversity, Distribution and Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in China

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Phytoplasmas are important prokaryotic pathogenic bacteria without cell walls, which were formerly known as mycoplasma-like organisms, and belong to the Mollicutes class, Candidatus Phytoplasma genus. They are widely distributed in plants and insects, and can cause serious diseases in important food crops, vegetables, fruit trees, ornamental plants and trees, resulting in huge economic losses. To date, more than 100 phytoplasma diseases have been reported in China, which are distributed throughout the country. Jujube witches'-broom, paulownia witches'-broom, wheat blue dwarf, banana bunchy top, sugarcane white leaf, rice orange leaf and mulberry dwarf represent the phytoplasma diseases causing the most serious damage in China. New phytoplasma diseases and their strains are being reported continuously, indicating that phytoplasmas are more diverse than previously thought. Phytoplasmas are mainly transmitted by insect vectors, such as leafhopper and planthopper, and can also be spread by grafting or Cuscuta australis (known as dodder). Mixed infections of phytoplasmas and viruses, bacteria, and spiroplasmas have also become a serious problem in several crops and are responsible for more synergistic losses. With the continuous development and improvement of technology, molecular biological detection has become the main technique for phytoplasma detection and identification. Currently, research on phytoplasma diseases in China mainly focuses on pathogen identification and classification, and insect vector and host diversity; however, there is less focus on pathogenicity, comparative genomics, and effect factors. More research attention has been paid to wheat blue dwarf phytoplasma, paulownia witches'-broom phytoplasma, jujube witches'-broom phytoplasma, and sugarcane white leaf phytoplasma. Other phytoplasma diseases have been reported; however, there have been no in-depth studies. In this paper, the history and present situation of phytoplasma research, and the status, distribution, and diversity of phytoplasma diseases are summarized, and some possible research directions of phytoplasma in the future in China are proposed.

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“…The phytoplasma isolates associated with SCWL and SCGS belong to the 16SrXI group based on the high similarity of their 16S rRNA gene sequences (Viswanathan et al, 2011 ; Abeysinghe et al, 2016 ). The group 16SrXI includes the subgroups 16SrXI-B, 16SrXI-D, and 16SrXI-F (Zhang et al, 2016 ; Yadav et al, 2017 ). In 2020, the draft SCGS phytoplasma genome was published (Kirdat et al, 2020 ), and based on its analysis, the phytoplasma isolates associated with SCGS have been classified as a novel taxon “ Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari” (Kirdat et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete genome sequence of “Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari” obtained using a filter-based DNA enrichment method and Nanopore sequencing

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited plant pathogens, such as sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) phytoplasma, which are responsible for heavy economic losses to the sugarcane industry. Characterization of phytoplasmas has been limited because they cannot be cultured in vitro. However, with the advent of genome sequencing, different aspects of phytoplasmas are being investigated. In this study, we developed a DNA enrichment method for sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) phytoplasma, evaluated the effect of DNA enrichment via Illumina sequencing technologies, and utilized Illumina and Nanopore sequencing technologies to obtain the complete genome sequence of the “Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari” isolate SCWL1 that is associated with sugarcane white leaf in China. Illumina sequencing analysis elucidated that only 1.21% of the sequencing reads from total leaf DNA were mapped to the SCWL1 genome, whereas 40.97% of the sequencing reads from the enriched DNA were mapped to the SCWL1 genome. The genome of isolate SCWL1 consists of a 538,951 bp and 2976 bp long circular chromosome and plasmid, respectively. We identified 459 protein-encoding genes, 2 complete 5S-23S-16S rRNA gene operons, 27 tRNA genes, and an incomplete potential mobile unit (PMU) in the circular chromosome. Phylogenetic analyses and average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values based on the sequenced genome revealed that SCWL phytoplasma and sugarcane grassy shoot (SCGS) phytoplasma belonged to the same phytoplasma species. This study provides a genomic DNA enrichment method for phytoplasma sequencing. Moreover, we report the first complete genome of a “Ca. Phytoplasma sacchari” isolate, thus contributing to future studies on the evolutionary relationships and pathogenic mechanisms of “Ca. Phytoplasma sacchari” isolates.

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Group 16SrXI phytoplasma strains, including subgroup 16SrXI-B and a new subgroup, 16SrXI-D, are associated with sugar cane white leaf

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Campsisgrandiflora as a new host species harbouring two novel 16SrI subgroups of phytoplasmas

Campsisgrandiflora as a new host species harbouring two novel 16SrI subgroups of phytoplasmas

The Diversity, Distribution and Status of Phytoplasma Diseases in China

Complete genome sequence of “Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari” obtained using a filter-based DNA enrichment method and Nanopore sequencing

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