Growing MASnI₃ perovskite single-crystal films by inverse temperature crystallization

Abstract

Perovskite single crystal films are promising candidates for high-performance perovskite optoelectronic devices due to their optoelectrical properties. However, there are few reports of single-crystalline films of tin based perovskites. Here, for the first time, we realize the controllable growth and preparation of lead-free tin perovskite MASnI3 single crystals via inverse temperature crystallization strategy with γ-butyrolactone (GBL) as solution. The solubility characteristics of MASnI3 in GBL is clarified by quantitative analytical method. Highly repeatability experiments are further demonstrated using this unique solubility and inverse temperature crystallization properties. Sequentially, using space limiting method, tin perovskite MASnI3 single crystal thin films are fabricated with micron-scale thickness, which is highly desired for efficient tin perovskite solar cells. Our MASnI3 single crystal thin films show typical single-crystalline features including strongly optical absorbance with sharp absorption edges, pure-phase X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and absence of Sn(IV) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). We believe that our findings will further broaden the application prospects of tin perovskite MASnI3 single crystals and cause a new upsurge in exploring the field of lead-free perovskite single-crystal growth.

A hot phonon bottleneck observed upon incorporation of SnF2 to MASnI3 films and its possible role in increasing photocarrier diffusion length

“…The pure phase and preferred (001)-orientation of the films exhibited by x-ray diffraction peaks are similar to the MASnI 3 single crystals grown by the reverse temperature crystallization method. 31 The scanning electron microscope pictures of MASnI 3 films are shown in Fig. S1 in the supplementary material.…”

Interfaced Structures between Halide Perovskites: From Basics to Construction to Optoelectronic Applications

“…S1, Supporting Information). [29,64,[78][79][80][81][82][83]65,66,[72][73][74][75][76][77] Schematic band structure of b) a n-type layer and a p-type layer before contact, which can be combined to form a homojunction. Schematic band structures of heterojunctions with c) a straddling (type I) gap, d) a staggered (type II) gap, and e) a broken (type III) gap.…”

“…Perovskite varieties for building different pe-pe interfaced structures. a) Bandgaps of halide perovskites with different compositions (TableS1, Supporting Information) [29,64,[78][79][80][81][82][83]65,66,[72][73][74][75][76][77]. Schematic band structure of b) a n-type layer and a p-type layer before contact, which can be combined to form a homojunction.…”

Reductant Engineering in Stable and High‐Quality Tin Perovskite Single Crystal Growth for Heterojunction X‐Ray Detectors

“…Instead, tin perovskite single crystals are typically grown in an inert gas atmosphere or within a glovebox, which significantly increases the complexity of the process and production costs. [14][15][16][17] In this article, we report oxalic acid (H 2 C 2 O 4 ) as a residuefree reductant in an organic solvent system to grow tin perovskite single crystals under ambient conditions. The pfluorophenethylamine tin iodide (FPEA 2 SnI 4 ) single crystals exhibited remarkable improvements in quality and stability with one order of magnitude lower defect density.…”

“…Instead, tin perovskite single crystals are typically grown in an inert gas atmosphere or within a glovebox, which significantly increases the complexity of the process and production costs. [ 14–17 ]…”