Growing more trees for fuelwood in the Northern Transvaal or redistribution after sustainable harvesting?

Shackleton, Charlie M.

doi:10.1080/03768359408439774

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Our model predictions diverged from those of most other fuelwood models developed for our study area and others like it in South Africa, which have generally supported the ‘fuelwood gap’ scenario in the communal lands (e.g. Aron, Eberhard & Gandar ; Shackleton ; Von Maltitz & Scholes ; Banks et al . ; Wessels et al .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…). The importance of the spatial scale of assessment is shown by Shackleton () and Von Maltitz & Scholes () in their investigation of the sustainability of fuelwood use in South Africa. While annual wood production was calculated to exceed demand at regional and national scales, respectively, fuelwood deficits potentially exist in the densely populated rural regions of the former Apartheid ‘homelands’.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fuelwood sustainability revisited: integrating size structure and resprouting into a spatially realistic fuelshed model

Twine

Holdø

2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Much concern has been expressed about the sustainability of fuelwood harvesting in Africa. Most models predict that demand will outstrip supply within a few decades, resulting in severe deforestation. However, despite substantial impacts of harvesting on woody vegetation structure, the 'fuelwood crisis' predicted since the 1970s has not materialized. We propose that this is at least partially because regeneration through coppicing has been poorly accounted for in most models. 2. We developed a local fuelwood model that is demographically and spatially explicit, and that incorporates coppice dynamics. The model simulates the dynamics of multiple stem size classes (seedling, sapling, pole and adult), the harvesting decisions of villagers based on fuelwood availability and village demand across the landscape. Importantly, we specify sizedependent coppice production of cut stems, and the probability of progression of coppice shoots into larger size classes, after accounting for self-thinning of shoots. 3. In general, our model projections for a rural South African savanna system suggest that current levels of harvesting (barring changes in human population size) are relatively sustainable. Declines in total woody biomass were predicted to be modest (~20%), and the loss of intact stems of sapling size was predicted to be more than offset by increases in coppiced stems. 4. Synthesis and applications. The results from our local fuelwood model clearly demonstrate that the impact of deforestation and wood removal on tree populations and wood resources is strongly influenced by the resprouting ability of trees. This highlights the importance of considering coppice dynamics when assessing the sustainability of wood harvesting. Our model is not system specific, and can be transferred to other systems, with the relevant parameters and geographic information system layers specified. Because of the transferability of this model, it can help address key international concerns about deforestation and sustainable fuelwood management.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuelwood sustainability revisited: integrating size structure and resprouting into a spatially realistic fuelshed model

Twine

Holdø

2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Only 10 per cent of Mzinti households reported owning livestock, either cattle or goats, and only 3 per cent reported owning agricultural fields beyond small gardens located adjacent to the household. By contrast, the collection of wood is one of the most common uses of natural resources within the community, and the utilisation pattern parallels other regions of South Africa (Eberhard 1990; Shackleton 1994 1998). Fifty‐eight per cent of households cook with wood at least once a month and 50 per cent report using wood as their primary energy fuel 5 .…”

Section: Social and Environmental Change In Contemporary South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatialising livelihoods: resource access and livelihood spaces in South Africa

King¹

2011

Trans Inst British Geog

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The livelihood concept remains consistently utilised within a number of research fields, including development studies, political ecology and conservation. Although there are differences in theory and application, these fields draw upon livelihood frameworks to understand how political and economic structures impact decisionmaking and present opportunities for social actors. Several themes have emerged from livelihoods research, including the importance of institutional frameworks and examinations of the conflicts surrounding resource access. While these have been valuable contributions, there has been less attention directed to the reciprocal relationships between space and livelihood. This article draws upon insights from human geography to show how the production and reproduction of livelihoods are interlinked with the processes producing and reproducing space. In order to accomplish this, the article details research completed in South Africa that examines the diversified resources individuals and households combine to generate livelihoods. It is argued that historical and contemporary geographies shape particular livelihood trajectories and social networks for rural residents, thereby making an explicitly spatial analysis necessary for understanding the processes driving social and environmental change. This article asserts that spatialising livelihoods is critical for understanding multiple issues central to livelihood studies, including the significance of diversification, intra‐community differentiation, the structure and agency of livelihoods, and the effects of decisionmaking upon social and environmental systems.

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“…The collection of wood for energy fuel is one of the most common uses of environmental resources within the community, and the use pattern parallels wood collection within other regions of South Africa (Eberhard 1990; Shackleton 1994 1998) and the developing world (Grundy et al 1993; Sundriyal et al . 1994).…”

Section: Livelihood and Governance Systems In The Former Kangwane Hommentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaces of change: tribal authorities in the former KaNgwane homeland, South Africa

King¹

2005

Area

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An underreported consequence of the democratic transition is its impact upon localized governance systems in mediating development opportunities within the former homelands of South Africa. Colonialism and apartheid utilized traditional authorities to control landscapes and people, and while these systems continue to influence the livelihood opportunities available to rural households, their scope and influence are being renegotiated by the emergence of new governance structures. This paper uses a case study from the former KaNgwane homeland to evaluate the role of the Matsamo Tribal Authority in shaping access to land, wood and agricultural projects in the region. It is argued that the colonial and apartheid empowerment of the tribal authorities continues to have symbolic and material meaning within KaNgwane, which shapes the ways that rural households benefit from conservation and development. In the post-apartheid era, newly created democratic structures are challenging traditional governance systems by reworking household access to environmental resources. The intersection between these contrasting, and historically situated, systems suggests a dynamic renegotiation is occurring that will continue to impact rural households within the former places of apartheid.

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Growing more trees for fuelwood in the Northern Transvaal or redistribution after sustainable harvesting?

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Fuelwood sustainability revisited: integrating size structure and resprouting into a spatially realistic fuelshed model

Fuelwood sustainability revisited: integrating size structure and resprouting into a spatially realistic fuelshed model

Spatialising livelihoods: resource access and livelihood spaces in South Africa

Spaces of change: tribal authorities in the former KaNgwane homeland, South Africa

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