Growth and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanorods/Nanobelts Prepared by a Simple Iron–Water Reaction

Abstract

Single-crystalline hexagonal alpha-Fe(2)O(3) nanorods/nanobelts have been created by a simple iron-water reaction in the low-temperature range of 350-450 degrees C. Scanning electron microscopy examination shows that the needle-like products, radiating from and perpendicular to the original large iron particle surfaces, are up to a few micrometers in length with an average diameter from 20 nm (tip) to 100 nm (base). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy reveal that the outermost surface of the nanorods consists of Fe(2)O(3) without organic impurity contaminants, which could possibly result from other methods, such as hydrothermal growth. Nanobelt-like structures are believed to result from a combination of increased reaction temperature and time. The initial formation and subsequent growth of alpha-Fe(2)O(3) nanorods may be explained by the iron metal corrosion mechanism.

Simple and rapid synthesis of α-Fe2O3 nanowires under ambient conditions

“…NW growth during iron oxidation has also been explained by the stress driven mechanism [13, 17, 20 22], in which a relaxation of the large stress results in NW formation generated by dislocation slips. Substantial stresses are expected to be accumulated on the interface due to structural and density differences [17]. In the stress driven mechanism, it is believed that the upper layer provides a path to release the stress in the form of NWs.…”

New insight into the shape-controlled synthesis and microwave shielding properties of iron oxide covered with reduced graphene oxide

“…6 The iron oxide microcubes and nanoakes showed almost same bands, but with a slight shi of the transverse absorption mode to a higher frequency for the iron oxide microcubes, whereas it shied to a lower frequency for iron oxide nanoakes with respect to the iron oxide nanorods. This conrms that the vibrational modes of the FTIR spectra are shape-dependent for hematite particles.…”

“…7a). The saturation magnetization (M s ) values of the ferrite nanorods, microcubes and nanoakes were found to be 12.15 emu g À1 , 6.02 emu g À1 and 3.36 emu g À1 , respectively, with an external eld of 5 kOe having a small value of coercivity and negligible retentivity with a narrow hysteresis loop, indicating their superparamagnetic nature. 25 It is well established in previous reports [26][27][28] that the variation in the M s value of iron oxide with various shapes may be caused by interparticle exchange interactions, their nite size and surface effects.…”

“…Other specic electronic, magnetic and mechanical properties of such shape-controlled materials are superior to those of their bulk counterparts. 6 In general, one dimensional (1D) nanostructures (rods, tubes and wires) are expected to show better electrical, magnetic and optical properties due to their anisotropic morphology. 7 The synthesis of 1D, 2D and 3D (rod, ake and cube) structures provides an opportunity to study and compare the dependence of peculiar and intriguing chemical and physical properties on dimensionality and size conne-ment.…”

Crystal‐Phase‐ and Morphology‐Controlled Synthesis of Fe2O3 Nanomaterials

“…[14] Typically, most of the α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorods were prepared from α-or β-FeOOH precursors that were usually synthesized by hydrolysis of ferric ions in liquid solution. For example, calcination of α-and β-FeOOH in air yielded α-Fe 2 O 3 nanorods with a diameter of 20-300 nm and a length of 200-1000 nm.…”