Growth and Economic Assessment of Wheat under Tillage and Nitrogen Levels in Rice-Wheat System

Qamar, Rafi; Ehsanullah,; Rehman, Abdul; Ali, Amjed; Ghaffar, Abdul; Mahmood, Athar; Javeed, Hafiz Muhammad Rashad; Aziz, Mudassir

doi:10.4236/ajps.2013.411260

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In a comprehensive review of studies examining the influence of tillage practices on wheat by Kaur et al [11] observed that plant height varied notably, with the highest heights recorded in conventional tillage with mulch (108.4 cm), followed by zero tillage with mulch (101.8 cm), and the lowest heights in conventional tillage without mulch (95.5 cm). These findings underscore the importance of soil physical conditions and moisture conservation in shaping plant growth dynamics, in line with previous research by Qamar et al [12]. Expanding on this theme, Goswami et al [13] delved into the effects of irrigation and tillage on plant height, revealing that conventional tillage resulted in the greatest plant height at 120 days after sowing, which was 11 times greater than minimum tillage, attributed to improved soil structure conducive to root establishment and moisture retention.…”

Section: Role Of Mechanization In Rice Wheat Cropping Systemsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of Mechanized Crop Establishment Techniques on Growth, Yield, and Microbial Dynamics under Rice-Wheat Cropping System: A Review

Unjia,

Korav,

Banik

et al. 2024

IJPSS

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The rice-wheat cropping system, predominant across the Indo-Gangetic plains, generates a substantial volume of crop residue, with an annual yield of 7-9 tonnes per hectare of rice residue. Effective management of this residue, whether in-situ or ex-situ, has become an urgent necessity. However, the economic feasibility of transporting residue beyond 20 km from the field is limited. Consequently, in-field residue management through the adoption of specialized machinery has emerged as an imperative solution. The narrow window between paddy harvesting and wheat sowing, compounded by labor scarcity during peak periods, underscores the need for mechanized crop establishment techniques. Machines such as happy seeders, super seeders, turbo seeders, spatial drills, and seed-cum-fertilizer drills are crucial tools in this regard. This paper examines the benefits of mechanized crop establishment techniques on wheat growth, productivity, and soil biological health within the rice-wheat cropping system. These techniques have revolutionized agricultural practices by significantly influencing growth dynamics, yield parameters, and microbial ecology. The adoption of precision seed drills and mechanized tillage equipment has transformed traditional farming methods, facilitating efficient seed placement, soil preparation, residue incorporation, and weed management. This has resulted in improved crop growth parameters, enhanced yield dynamics, better root development, increased nutrient uptake, and overall plant vigor. Furthermore, reduced soil disturbance and decreased weed pressure associated with mechanized operations have created a conducive environment for beneficial microbial communities to thrive. The integration of mechanized crop establishment techniques has a positive impact on both crop productivity and sustainability, highlighting their importance in modern agricultural practices within the rice-wheat cropping system of the Indo-Gangetic plains.

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Section: Role Of Mechanization In Rice Wheat Cropping Systemsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of Mechanized Crop Establishment Techniques on Growth, Yield, and Microbial Dynamics under Rice-Wheat Cropping System: A Review

Unjia,

Korav,

Banik

et al. 2024

IJPSS

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“…Conventional tillage consistently to more proliferation of roots because of less bulk density(Singh and Singh 2021). Similar results have also been reported by(Qamar et al 2013 andXu et al 2018). Kalaydjieva et al (2015) reducing the irrigation rates display a negative impact on the values of LAI.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of irrigation scheduling and residue management tillage on soil water balance and growth of wheat

Singh

Brar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The present study was conducted in wheat at the Punjab Agricultural University Seed Farm, Ladhowal, Ludhiana, to study effect of three irrigation regimes ( based on IW/PAN-E ratio of 0.6 (I1), 0.8 (I2) and 1.0 (I3) in main plots and four tillage practices (mould board ploughing to a depth of 25 cm followed by rotavator (PT25 + R), mould board ploughing to a depth of 14 cm followed by rotavator (PT14 + R), zero tillage with happy seeder (ZT) and conventional tillage with 2 discing + 2 cultivator followed by planking (CT) in sub plots) on soil water balance and crop growth for two consecutive years (2016-17 and 2017-18). Irrigation scheduling and tillage practices has no significant effect on plant germination and thousand grain weight. However overall mean plant height, leaf area index, root length density and root mass density were significantly higher in I3 over I1 and I2 by 2.1 & 2.8%, 16.82 & 7.75%, 2.04 & 5.22% and 5.82 & 8.73% respectively. During both the years straw and grain yield were significantly higher in I3 over I1 and I2. Significantly higher water productivity was observed in I2 over I1 and I3 by 27.38 & 2.26% in 2016-17 and 27.70 & 1.91% in 2017-18. During 2016-17 maximum water depletion was in I1 over I2 and I3 by 2.15 &4.86% and 4.5 & 7.52 in 2017-18. Over PT14 + R, ZT and CT, the tillage practice of PT25 + R significantly increased number of tillers by 5.13,19.42 & 11.82%, plant height by 3.44, 8.38 & 10.37%, leaf area index by 13.45, 26.17 & 27.36%, root length density by 19.30, 61.81 & 46.17% and root mass density by 35.90, 317.67 & 48.16% respectively. During both years significantly higher straw and grain yield were observed in PT25 + R over PT14 + R, ZT and CT. During both years significantly higher soil moisture storage was observed in I3 and ZT compared to other irrigation and tillage practices. Water balance component E&T were higher in PT25 + R than ZT.

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“…Irrespective of tillage and residue management practices, maximum LAI was observed under I2 (4.60) followed by I1 (3.95) and least under I3 (3.70). Qamar et al(2013) also observed maximum LAI of wheat under DT followed by NTR and minimum under CT. The data related to the effect of tillage -residue practices and irrigation regimes on relative leaf water content (RLWC) is presented in Table 1.Effect of tillage-residue management practices was found to be non significant whereas irrigation effect on RLWC was significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of land management practices on soil moisture storage characteristics

Chawala

Kahlon

2018

JANS

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A field study was conducted to evaluate moisture storage in soil profile under four tillage-residue management practices namely conventional tillage, no-tillage without residue, no-tillage with residue and deep tillage along with three irrigation regime based on IW/PAN-E ratio 1.2, 0.9 and 0.6 in maize with three replications in split plot design. Significant differences were observed in steady state infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration among different land management practices with maximum value in deep tillage (4.9 cm hr -1 and 33.1 cm) followed by no tillage with residue (4.1cm hr -1 and 28.6 cm), no tillage without residue (4.0 cm hr -1 and 23.0 cm) and conventional tillage (2.8 cm hr -1 and 19.4 cm), respectively. The highest mean weight diameter and water stable aggregates were found under no tillage with residue (0.64 mm and 49.7%) and lowest under deep tillage (0.3 mm and 21.8%), respectively. Higher volumetric soil water content and soil profile moisture storage were recorded under no tillage with residue at different days after sowing. Among different tillage-residue management practices, maximum leaf area index and relative leaf water content were observed in no-tillage with residue. Under moisture stress conditions, no-tillage with residue retention was suitable land management option for reducing evaporation losses and enhancing moisture storage in the soil profile.

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Growth and Economic Assessment of Wheat under Tillage and Nitrogen Levels in Rice-Wheat System

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of Mechanized Crop Establishment Techniques on Growth, Yield, and Microbial Dynamics under Rice-Wheat Cropping System: A Review

Impact of Mechanized Crop Establishment Techniques on Growth, Yield, and Microbial Dynamics under Rice-Wheat Cropping System: A Review

Effect of irrigation scheduling and residue management tillage on soil water balance and growth of wheat

Effect of land management practices on soil moisture storage characteristics

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