Growth and energy budget in young grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella Val., fed plant and animal diets

Abstract

Young grass carp held under laboratory conditions were fed either duckweed or tubificid worms.Food consumption (c), faecal production (if), excretion (U), metabolism (R) and growth (G) were estimated for fish fed both diets. Fish fed tubificid worms had higher growth rates than those fed duckweed, in terms of wet weight, dry matter, protein, lipid and energy. Fish fed duckweed consumed more wet and dry matter than did the fish fed tubificids, but rates of protein and lipid consumption were lower. The energy budget was estimated to be lOOC = 9F+ 8U+ 61R+ 22G for fish fed tubificids, and lOOC= 35F+ 5U+ 51R+9G for fish fed duckweed. Linear relationships existed between specific growth rate in wet weight and rate of food absorption (consumption minus faecal production) in dry matter, protein or energy. Food type did not have a significant effect on these relationships. It was concluded that differences in growth rate between grass carp fed different diets were mainly caused by differences in absorption rate.

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

“…Therefore, lenok juveniles fed on formulated feed may have a higher maximum ration in terms of energy than those fed on live food, resulting in reduced food conversion effi ciencies at high rations. This hypothesis is partly supported by results from two studies on grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella , (Cui et al, 1992) and white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus , (Cui et al, 1996). The growth relationships were characterized by a decelerating curve when fed on dry feed, but were linear when fed on natural food with a much lower energy density.…”

“…Our results suggest that lenok have moderate metabolism and moderate growth. This differs from the pattern of lower metabolism and higher growth observed in cutthroat trout Salmo clarki (Brocksen et al, 1968), rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri (From and Rasmussen, 1984;Christian, 1987), and mandarin fi sh Siniperca chuatsi (Liu, 1998); and also differs from the pattern of higher metabolism and lower growth in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Xie et al, 1997), Gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Zhu et al, 2000), and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cui et al, 1992). There are two possible reasons for this difference.…”

Improved Sustainable Aquaculture Systems for Small-Scale Farmers in Northern Vietnam

“…Grass carp is believed to be the major species that feeds on the applied green fodder, accounting on average for 80 % of the applied feed material used (fresh matter, FM) at the case study farms, as this species has to consume large quantities of plant material in order to obtain the nutrients required (Tan 1970;Cui et al 1992Cui et al , 1994. The gross relationship, in the case study ponds, between the amount of green fodder applied (FM) and the net gain in grass carp biomass (FM) showed that 1 kg of grass carp was produced when approximately 68 kg of grass and leaf material were applied to the pond.…”

Dietary inclusion of detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal: effects on growth performance and metabolic efficiency in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

“…Many studies have been carried out on the relationship of dietary energy and protein content to growth of carp (Ogino et al 1976;Schwarz et al 1983;Gongnet et al 1987). Some reports deal with the nutritional energetics related to the effect of diets on energy budgets (Cui et al 1992;Helland and Helland 1998;Francis et al 2002), but little work has been done to examine the effects of dietary plant proteins on energy allocation in fish (Refstie and Tiestra 2003). The present study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary DJKM on growth performance, nutrient utilisation and interrelationships among the major components of the energy budget of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, and to compare these parameters with those obtained on dietary inclusion of SBM and FM.…”