Growth factor modulation of the extracellular matrix

Armstrong, Margaret T.; Armstrong, Peter B.

doi:10.1016/s0014-4827(03)00205-2

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Yet many cell types with clearly restricted potency will form such cystic structures, including liver, heart, and cartilage [104]; neurons [105]; fibroblasts [106]; kidney [107]; and umbilical cells [108], indicating that the mere formation of such structures is not sufficient evidence for totipotency.…”

Section: Behaving Like Part Of An Embryo or Merely Looking Like An Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Totipotency: What It Is and What It Is Not

Condic

2014

Stem Cells and Development

123

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There is surprising confusion surrounding the concept of biological totipotency, both within the scientific community and in society at large. Increasingly, ethical objections to scientific research have both practical and political implications. Ethical controversy surrounding an area of research can have a chilling effect on investors and industry, which in turn slows the development of novel medical therapies. In this context, clarifying precisely what is meant by ''totipotency'' and how it is experimentally determined will both avoid unnecessary controversy and potentially reduce inappropriate barriers to research. Here, the concept of totipotency is discussed, and the confusions surrounding this term in the scientific and nonscientific literature are considered. A new term, ''plenipotent,'' is proposed to resolve this confusion. The requirement for specific, oocyte-derived cytoplasm as a component of totipotency is outlined. Finally, the implications of twinning for our understanding of totipotency are discussed. HighlightsInaccurate use of the term ''totipotent'' by scientists creates unnecessary ethical controversy. Public concern over producing embryos by reprogramming reflects confusion over totipotency. Twinning by blastocyst splitting does not provide scientific evidence for totipotency.What Is Totipotency?

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Section: Behaving Like Part Of An Embryo or Merely Looking Like An Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Totipotency: What It Is and What It Is Not

Condic

2014

Stem Cells and Development

123

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“…The importance for cellular attachment to an adhesive ECM potentially acts either to improve cell flattening and the development of tension, which has been indicated to be essential for a productive mitogenic response to growth factors in a variety of cell types, or by ligation of integrin receptors, which appears to synergize with growth factors so as to co-stimulate the MAPK signaling pathway [125].…”

Section: Interactions Between Ecm and Signaling Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Pulp Stem Cell Niche

Jamal

Garcı́a-Godoy

et al. 2015

Tissue-Specific Stem Cell Niche

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“…In order to tackle the issue, we have applied the classic hanging drop culture system (Rudnicki and McBurney,1987) to study coronary angioblastic differentiation and the morphogenetic dynamics of these cells. Hanging drop culture systems have already been used to study embryonic mesenchyme behavior (Armstrong and Armstrong,2003) and cardiac muscle development (Armstrong et al,2000), but have never been set to test morphogenetic properties of proepicardial cells, which are known to display pluripotent abilities. The main reason for choosing this culture system is that it helps to maintain a basic cell density in vitro, without the expected dispersion of cells in a cell‐substrate attachment‐dependent culture method.…”

Section: Coronary Morphogenesis As a Model For Vascular Tissue Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro self-assembly of proepicardial cell aggregates: An embryonic vasculogenic model for vascular tissue engineering

et al. 2006

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Proepicardial/epicardial-derived cells are the main origin of the early embryonic coronary vascular bed. In vivo coronary vasculogenesis, which is a fast-occurring event, can be mimicked in vitro by culturing proepicardial tissue in different ways. The in vitro vasculogenic model presented in this study (a proepicardial suspension culture assay) partially reproduces coronary vascular development from its cellular precursors, a process known to be highly dependent on cell migration, cell differentiation, cell adhesion/sorting, and tissue fusion phenomena. The main aim of this study is to study the triggering signals and the cellular dynamics that regulate the differentiation of proepicardial cells into the angioblastic/endothelial lineage and their in vitro vasculogenic potential. Our results indicate that hanging drop-cultured proepicardia, which have an intrinsic vascular potential, behave like self-assembling cell aggregates or spheroids that can fuse to give rise to complex vascularized 3D structures. We believe that these self-assembling cell aggregates are an optimal choice to study the differentiation of coronary angioblasts, as well as a good method to reproduce vascular development in vitro. Key words: cell aggregates; cell fusion; proepicardium; coronary vasculogenesis; tissue engineeringCoronary vasculogenesis is an interesting kind of embryonic blood vessel formation. Cardiac vascularization takes place in a quite isolated environment (the pericardial cavity) and thus relatively far from common sources of vascular cell precursors. Although the cellular origin of coronary vessels has been under debate for many years (Männer et al., 2001;Wessels and Pérez-Pomares, 2004), recent findings have clearly shown that an important part of coronary cell types derives from the proepicardium and the epicardium (Mikawa and Fischman, 1992;Mikawa and Gourdie, 1996;Pérez-Pomares et al., 1998a, 1998b, 2002a, 2002b Männer, 1999;Vrancken Peeters et al., 1999). Origin and Differentiation of Coronary Cell LineagesThe proepicardium is the origin of the embryonic epicardium. Proepicardial cells derive from the coelomic epithelium and are mainly of epithelial nature. Proepicardial epithelial cells arrange themselves forming a system of protruding villi enclosing a well-hydrated extracellular matrix (the so-called proepicardial extracellular matrix), which confers to the proepicardium its characteristic cauliflower-like appearance (Mä nner et al., 2001). From their

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Growth factor modulation of the extracellular matrix

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Totipotency: What It Is and What It Is Not

Totipotency: What It Is and What It Is Not

Dental Pulp Stem Cell Niche

In vitro self-assembly of proepicardial cell aggregates: An embryonic vasculogenic model for vascular tissue engineering

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